Extended表面活性剂异辛醇聚氧丙烯醚硫酸钠的性能研究

摘要

Four new extended surfactants,sodium isooctyl polyoxypropylene sulfates(PxS,x=3, 6,9,12) were synthesized through sulfation and neutralization of propoxylate intermediates, isooctyl polyoxypropylene ethers(PxOH),derived from isooctanol and propylene oxide,and the structures of the products were identified by means of FTIR and ESI-MS. The properties of the PxS homologs,namely Krafft point(Tk),surface tension,foaming power,detergency,wetting power, emulsifying power,salt-tolerance,hard water-tolerance and lime soap dispersing power,were measured. The experimental results showed that,theTk values of all the PxS homologs were below 0℃,and their detergency and hard water-tolerance were all better than those of sodium dodecyl sulphate(SDS).%以异辛醇为原料，通过丙氧基化反应合成了4种不同聚氧丙烯加成数的中间体异辛醇聚氧丙烯醚（PxOH，x=3，6，9，12），再经硫酸酯化反应和中和反应合成了4种新型Extended表面活性剂异辛醇聚氧丙烯醚硫酸钠同系物（PxS），采用FTIR和ESI-MS等手段对PxOH和PxS进行结构表征，测定了PxS系列的Krafft点（Tk）、表面张力、泡沫力、去污力、润湿力、乳化力、耐盐能力、耐硬水能力、钙皂分散力等性能，并与十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS）进行了对比。实验结果表明，PxS同系物的Tk和表面张力均低于SDS，环氧丙烷（PO）数大于6以上PxS的临界胶束浓度随PO数的增大明显减小，且均低于SDS，其去污力和耐硬水能力均优于SDS。