含疏水侧基的水性聚氨酯的合成及其增稠性能

摘要

利用六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(HDI)与聚乙二醇( PEG)进行本体聚合得到聚氨酯预聚体,并通过十六醇封端、1,2-十四碳二醇扩链合成了水性聚氨酯(WPUT)缔合型增稠剂.采用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FT-IR)、乌氏黏度计表征了WPUT的结构.通过黏度的测定研究了疏水性扩链剂、PEG/HDI物质的量比、PEG的相对分子质量、WPUT含量等因素对水性聚氨酯乳液增稠效果的影响.结果表明:疏水性扩链剂的引入提高了WPUT的增稠效果；另外发现减小PEG/HDI物质的量比值、PEG相对分子质量为6 000并在较低浓度范围内提高染料体系中WPUT含量时,WPUT对水性聚氨酯乳液的增稠效果更加明显.%The waterborne polyurethane (WPUT) associative thickeners were synthesized by the bulk polymerization of hexanmethylene diisocyanate ( HDI) and polyethylene glycol ( PEG) ,with 1,2- tetrade-canediol as chain extende and endcapped by hexadecanol. The structure of WPUT was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectra (FT - IR) and ubbelohde viscometer. The effects of various factors such as the hydrophobic chain extender,PEG/HDI molar ratio,molecular weight of PEG and the WPUT content on their thickening property were studied by the measurement of rotary viscosity. The results showed that incorporation of hydrophobic chain extender into polyurethane could enhance the thickening effect of aqueous polyurethane suspension,and that their thickening effect was improved obviously by decrease of the PEG/HDI ratio,using PEG6000 and increase of the WPUT content at low concentration range.