'一带一路'倡议下中哈跨界水资源合作问题

摘要

The successful coordination of China's the Belt and Road initiative and Kazakhstan's"Bright Road"initiative has profound practical significance.Faced with such policy guidelines and development op-portunities,effective management and utilization of water resources in transboundary rivers shared by the two countries make a crucial aspect of cooperation. In this area, two countries have established a basic framework for cooperation. Nevertheless,both sides have strong demands of water resources,and there are still a series of constraints regarding water allocation cooperation. The international water law and policy provide a clear guideline for the cooperation between the two countries, and the guidance of international conventions and the experience of national practices can be referred in Sino-Kazakhstan transboundary water resources cooperation. The high-level platform of coordination is helpful to enhance the water resources co-operation. Establishing rules for better prioritization of the allocations of water resources and mechanisms for sustainable cooperation are two important problems to be solved.%"一带一路"倡议与哈萨克斯坦"光明之路"计划的成功对接具有深刻的现实意义.在这样的政策指引和发展机遇下,中哈间跨界河流水资源的高效配置和利用是不容忽视的重要合作.在此领域两国虽建立了基础性的合作框架,但双方对水资源需求强烈,水量分配合作仍存在一系列制约因素.国际水法为两国合作提供了一条清晰的主线,国际涉水公约的指导性和国家实践的借鉴性可充分运用在中哈跨界水资源合作上.对接的高层平台有助于提升水资源合作水平.制定切实有效的水资源分配规则和创建可持续发展合作机制是摆在两国水资源合作中亟待解决的重要问题.