Scientific and technological revolution is the driving force to deepen global ocean governance, which inevitably triggers new problems and challenges in the meanwhile. The first three scientific and tech?nological revolutions in history have improved the efficiency of states' maritime activities, while competi?tions in maritime security arise at the same time. The fourth revolution characterized by informazation and artificial intelligence is in progress, which contributes to diversifying the subject of ocean governance and enhancing the efficiency of maritime search and rescue,as well as the perception of maritime domain.How?ever,it may also give rise to governance problems such as the intensification of maritime competition among great powers,new governance vacuum and illegal proliferation of technology. Deeply involved in global o?cean governance,China is supposed to keep self?restraint in developing new technologies,promote the es?tablishment of relevant international norms on technology development actively,propel international cooper?ation,and reinforce the management of non?state actors.%科技变革是全球海洋治理程度不断深化的动力,但不可避免地带来新的问题与挑战.历史上前三次科技革命在提高国家海洋活动效率的同时,也引发了海上安全领域的竞争.以信息化和人工智能为主要特征的第四次科技革命正在进行,新技术能够促进海洋治理主体多元化,提升海上搜救效率和海域感知能力,但同时也可能导致大国海上竞争加剧、新的治理真空和技术非法扩散等新的治理难题.作为深度参与全球海洋治理的行为体,中国需要在运用新技术时保持自我克制,积极推动构建技术发展的相关国际规范,推动国际合作,并加强对非国家行为体的管理.
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