无人机影像的同名点匹配

摘要

与传统航空摄影测量相比,无人机所获取的影像存在更大、更复杂的几何变形问题,而且由于摄影比例尺大,影像在某些地物的局部纹理变化少.这些因素导致无人机影像的匹配存在更大的难度,出现误匹配的同名点对数目也会增多.首先根据Harris算子提取并匹配特征点,提出了基于多边形匹配来探测并剔除误匹配同名点的方法,从距离、角度以及权重等方面考虑同名点匹配的可靠性,通过实验统计出不同区域剔除的误匹配同名点数目、运算速度以及匹配正确率,验证了该方法的可行性.%Compared with the traditional aerophotogrammetry, the Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) images have the problems of bigger and more complex geometric distortion and because of the large photographic scale, the texture of images changes little in some features. These factors lead more difficult to matching UAV images, and increase the number of mismatch cognominal points. At first, according to the Harris operator, extract and match feature points. A method for detecting and eliminate the mismatch points was proposed based on the polygon matching. The method considers the reliability of cognominal points matching from distance, angle and weight. Through the experiment, the number of mismatch points, operation speed and matching accuracy were calculated out in different areas, and the feasibility of the method was verified.