碳排放交易机制下的供应链运作策略及协调研究

摘要

碳排放权交易是控制和减少碳排放的有效工具,同时也使得企业的运作成本增加,供应链的决策管理更复杂.考虑由零售商和制造商组成的二阶段供应链,研究不同碳排放权交易政策(供应链成员内部碳排放权交易、外部市场碳排放权交易)下基于数量折扣契约的供应链协调问题,并与无碳排放约束的情形进行比较.研究结果表明:在不同碳排放权交易政策下,数量折扣契约能够实现供应链的协调;无碳排放约束的供应链最优订货量大于外部碳排放权交易的供应链最优订货量,成员内部碳排放交易下的供应链最优订货量和供应链期望利润随着碳排放配额的增加最终等于无碳排放约束下的供应链最优订货量和供应链期望利润;外部市场碳排放交易政策下供应链的期望利润随着碳排放配额的增加而增加.%Carbon emissions trading is an effective tool to control and reduce carbon emissions,but it also increases the enterprise operating costs,and therefore supply chain management decision-making is more complicated.The two stage supply chain composed of a manufacturer and a retailer is considered,and supply chain coordination problem based on the quantity discount contract is researched under different carbon emissions trading policy (internal members of the supply chain carbon emissions trading,external carbon emissions trading market),comparing with the situation without carbon emissions constraints.The results show that supply chain quantity discount contract can been coordinated under different carbon emissions trading policy;the optimal order quantity of the supply chain under no carbon emissions constraints is greater than the optimal order quantity of supply chain under external carbon emissions trading;the optimal order quantity and the expected profit of the supply chain under internal members of the supply chain carbon emissions trading will be increased with the increase of carbon emissions quota and ultimately equal to the optimal order quantity and the expected profit of the supply chain under no carbon emissions constraints;the expected profits of supply chain under external market emissions trading policy will be increased with the increase of carbon emissions quota.