奥瑞姆自理模式结合中医理论护理对喉癌患者生存质量及心理状态影响研究

摘要

目的：分析奥瑞姆（Orem）自理模式结合中医理论护理干预对喉癌患者围术期心理状态和康复效果的影响。方法将150例喉癌患者随机分成实验组（75例）和对照组（75例），对照组采取常规护理方式，实验组采取奥瑞姆自理模式结合中医理论的护理方式。通过生活质量评定问卷、抑郁自评量表（SDS）和焦虑自评量表（SAS），评价两组喉癌手术患者围术期的心理状态及生存质量，并观察两组的不良反应发生情况。结果两组患者术后康复指标相比，实验组各项生存质量指标，角色功能、躯体功能等评分均高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P﹤0.05）；围术期心理功能比较显示，两组患者术前SDS、SAS评分差异无统计学意义（P﹥0.05），术后两组的SDS和SAS评分均显著下降，但实验组评分要低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P﹤0.05）；此外，实验组不良反应发生率为6.7%，对照组为29.3%，两组相比，差异有统计学意义（χ2=12.98，P﹤0.05）。结论运用奥瑞姆自理模式结合中医理论的护理方法能够有效提高喉癌手术患者术后的生存质量，降低不良反应的发生率，值得在喉癌手术的护理中进行推广。%Objective To evaluate the effects of intervention of Orem self-care mode combined with traditional chi-nese medicine (TCM) theory on the perioperative psychological status and rehabilitation of patients with laryngeal cancer. Method 150 cases of laryngeal carcinoma patients were enrolled in the study, and were randomized into either study group (n=75) or control group (n=75);Routine nursing mode was executed in control group, while in the study group, the Orem self-care mode+TCM theory was applied;The perioperative psychological status and quality of life of the patients undergoing surgery in both groups were assessed based on questionnaires of quality of life (QOL), self-rating depression scale (SDS) and self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), besides, the adverse reactions were observed. Result For the postopera-tive measures of recovery, the scores of QoL indices, role function and physical function in the study group were signifi-cantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05);With respect to perioperative psychological function, the preopera-tive SDS and SAS scores were similar between the two groups (P>0.05), while postoperative SDS and SAS scores were decreased significantly in both groups, with the scores of the study group being significantly lower than the control group (P<0.05);In addition, the incidence of adverse reactions was 6.7%in the study group and 29.3%in the control group, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (χ2=12.98, P<0.05). Conclusion The use of the Orem self-care mode combined with theory of Traditional Chinese Medicine can effectively improve the postoperative quality of life and reduce the incidence of adverse reactions in patients undergoing laryngeal cancer surgery, and is worthy of clinical popularization and application in the care of patients undergoing laryngeal cancer surgery.