天然气调压站调压阀口径的计算、阀门的选型、直管段长度及通径的选择、备用回路及小流量的切换模式、 噪声的控制等都是调压站设计方案的重要内容.调压阀口径和接管通径过小或不匹配,会使介质流速超过规定值,当调压阀出口流速大于150 m/s,阀后接管流速超过20 m/s时,调压回路会产生振动及超标噪声;高压差工况下,如果不采取措施,也会产生超强噪声.调压阀口径过大或阀门开度过小,正常工作及回路切换过程中会产生压力振荡;调压阀前后直管段长度及取压点距离过短或不合理,同样会产生压力振荡.当压力振荡严重时,调压阀及指挥器的主膜片会频繁损坏,甚至发生超压或调压功能失效.因此,在调压站设计方案中,调压回路切换模式应在遵循规范及标准的基础上与工艺和仪表自控等专业紧密配合,以达到调压站快捷、平稳、可靠、自动切换的目的.%The caliber,type of valves,length of tube,spare circuit and switch between flow,noise control, convenient operation and maintenance are the key factors of the design of pressure regulating station. Mismatch of caliber of regulator or tubes could results flowing rate of medium beyond normal value. When speed of output goes over than 150m/s or speed of tube over than 20 m/s, regulating circuit would generate vibration and noise, and super strong noise would be produced without any strategies under work conditions with high pressure. Pressure oscillation would occur during circuit switch when radius of regulator is too big or too small.Different length of tubes,un-proper pressure measuring point would also lead to an oscillation.Such situation would cause diaphragm frequent dam-aged,difficult to switch to spare circuit,even pressure runaway.Therefore,the determine of regu-lating circuit switch model not only should obey factorial standards,but also should interact closely with the process and instrumentation automatization majors so as to the gas regulating station could running fast,stably,authentically and switching automatically.
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