家属参与健康教育模式对妊娠期糖尿病患者的影响

摘要

目的:探讨家属参与健康教育模式在妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)护理过程中的应用效果.方法:将2013年1月~2016年12月期间我院收治的110例GDM患者随机等分为对照组和观察组,对照组患者接受GDM一般护理及常规健康教育模式;观察组患者在对照组基础上再接受家属参与健康教育模式,现对比分析两组患者的护理效果.结果:(1)观察组按时产检、定期监测血糖、坚持有氧运动、坚持配餐饮食,疾病知识得分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).(2)护理干预前,两组患者空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖相比差异无统计学意义.护理干预后,观察组空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).(3)护理干预前,两组患者世界卫生组织生存质量测定量表生理、心理、环境、社会支持4个维度评分相比差异无统计学意义.护理干预后,观察组生理、心理、环境、社会支持4个维度评分均明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论:家属参与健康教育模式在GDM护理过程中可以发挥积极有效的作用,包括提高患者医嘱依从性、疾病知识得分,从而进一步改善患者血糖水平以及提高患者生存质量等.%Objective: To explore the application effect of health education model with family participation in the nursing process of gestational diabetes mel-litus(GDM).Methods: A total of 110 GDM patients admitted to our hospital from January 2013 to December 2016 were randomly and equally divided into control group and observation group.The control group received general GDM nursing with the adoption of conventional health education model; the obser-vation group received general GDM nursing with the adoption of health education model with family participation.The nursing effects in the two groups were compared.Results:(1)The scores of on-time antenatal care,regular monitoring of blood sugar,adhering to aerobic exercise and nutrition compound diet and disease knowledge in the observation group were higher than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). (2)Before nursing intervention, the difference of the fasting blood glucose and 2 hours postprandial blood glucose was not statistically significant between patients in the two groups.After nursing intervention, the fasting blood glucose and 2 hours postprandial blood glucose in the observation group was lower than that in the control group, and was statistically significant(P<0.05).(3)Before nursing intervention,the differences of the two groups in the scores in 4 dimensions of physiological, psychological, environmental and social support in the WHO quality of life scale were not statistically significant.After nursing intervention,the scores in 4 dimensions of physiological,psychological,environmental and social support in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant(P <0.05).Conclusion: The health education model with family participation can play an active role in GDM nursing process, including enhancing the scores of patient compliance and disease knowledge,so as to further improve the blood glucose level and the quality of life of patients.