喉气道疾病患儿父母创伤后成长的影响因素

摘要

目的 探讨喉气道疾病患儿父母创伤后成长的影响因素.方法 采用便利抽样法,选择2015年1-11月上海某三级甲等医院耳鼻喉头颈外科收治的96名喉气道疾病患儿父母为研究对象.采用自行编制的一般资料调查表、自我表露、简体中文版事件相关反刍性沉思问卷、简体中文版创伤后成长评定量表、领悟社会支持量表等,调查了喉气道疾病患儿父母的创伤后成长、自我表露、反刍性沉思及社会支持得分情况,并分析其主要影响因素.结果 本组患儿父母创伤后成长得分为(43.09±19.399),多元回归分析结果显示,表露经历、目的性反刍性沉思是父母创伤后成长的正向预测因素,可解释其40.1％的总变异(F=32.858,P＜0.001).结论 本组患儿父母创伤后成长水平相对较低,父母的表露经厦及目的性反刍性沉思是其主要影响因素,提示曾经与他人谈论内心感受、且已开始建构创伤事件(孩子患病经历)意义的目的性认知加工的父母,其创伤后成长水平越高.医护人员可为父母提供一个较安全放松的环境,鼓励或引导患儿父母总结应对经验,思考对人生的意义等积极认知加工,进而提升其创伤后成长水平,最终实现良好心理适应.%Objective To explore the influencing factors of parents' posttraumatic growth in children with laryngeal airway disease.Methods By convenience sampling,parents of children with laryngeal airway disease in a Class Ⅲ Grade I hospital of Shanghai were selected and investigated by general questionnaire,selfdisclosure scale,Chinese version of ruminative meditation scale,Chinese version of posttraumatic growthscale and perceived social support scale,and the influencing factors were analyzed.Results The parents' posttraumatic growth score was (43.09± 19.399).Multivariate regression analysis showed that self-disclosure experience and deliberately ruminations have positive influence on the PTG,and could explain 40.1 ％ of the total variance (F=32.858,P＜0.001).Conclusion Parents reported low level of PTG,self-disclosure experience and deliberately ruminations are the main influencing factors,suggesting that they have talked about inner feelings with others,and have begun to construct traumatic events (children's experiences),they have higher level of PTG.Nurses can provide parents with a more relaxed environment to encourage or guide parents to summarize their experience of coping,thinking about their meaning of life and other positive cognitive processing,thereby enhancing its PTG level,and ultimately to achieve good psychological adaptation.