252Cf 近距离放射治疗主要用于宫颈癌的腔内放射治疗,在放射治疗的同时势必对附近器官产生辐射危害,因此评价宫颈癌患者在放疗过程中其他器官的辐射损伤是必要的.本文以某医院252Cf宫颈癌的放射治疗为参考,通过252Cf在空气、水中剂量场分布理论计算和实际检测,对比子宫、直肠、膀胱、卵巢等器官的耐受剂量限值,给出了在宫颈癌治疗过程中,除靶器官子宫会受大剂量照射出现损伤外,直肠、膀胱、卵巢等器官也受较大辐射危害.为了减少宫颈癌患者的辐射损伤,经计算给出了不同源活度情况下的最佳照射时间.%[Background] The 252Cf brachytherapy is mainly used for cervical cancer endovascular radiotherapy. [Purpose] Radiation therapy will inevitably cause radiation damage to nearby organs. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the radiation damage of cervical cancer patients during radiotherapy. [Methods] This article is based on the radiation therapy of 252Cf cervical cancer in a hospital, and theoretical calculations and practical tests of dose field distribution in air and water by 252Cf, and compared with the tolerance limits of uterus, rectum, bladder, ovary and other organs. [Results] By comparison, it is concluded that in the process of cervical cancer treatment, organs such as the rectum, bladder and ovary are also affected by large radiation in addition to damage caused by high doses of irradiation. [Conclusion] In order to reduce the radiation damage of cervical cancer patients, the optimal irradiation time under different source activity was calculated.
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