ADS Injector-I 2 K superfluid helium cryogenic system

摘要

The Accelerator Driven Sub-critical(ADS)system is a strategic plan to solve the nuclear waste problem for nuclear power plants in China.High-energy particle accelerators and colliders contain long strings of superconducting devices,superconducting radio frequency cavities,and magnets,which may require cooling by 2 K superfluid helium(HeliumⅡ).2 K superfluid helium cryogenic system has become a research hot spot in the field of superconducting accelerators.In this study,the ADS Injector-I 2 K cryogenic system is examined in detail.The cryogenic system scheme design,key equipment,and technology design,such as the 2 K Joule–Thomson(J–T)heat exchanger and cryomodules CM1+CM2 design,are examined,in addition to the commissioning and operation of the cryogenic system.The ADS Injector-I 2 K cryogenic system is the first 100 W superfluid helium system designed and built independently in China.The ADS proton beam reached 10 Me V at 10 m A in July 2016 and 10 Me V at 2 m A in continuous mode in January 2017 and has been operated reliably for over 15,000 h,proving that the design of ADS Injector-I 2 K cryogenic system,the key equipment,and technology research are reasonable,reliable,and meet the requirements.The research into key technologies provides valuable engineering experience that can be helpful for future projects such as CI-ADS(China Initiative Accelerator-Driven System),SHINE(Shanghai High Repetition Rate XFEL and Extreme Light Facility),PAPS(Platform of Advanced Photon Source Technology),and CEPC(Circular Electron-Positron Collider),thereby developing national expertise in the field of superfluid helium cryogenic systems.