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核技术：英文版

核技术：英文版

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《Nuclear Science and Techniques》(核技术（英文版）)是由中国科学院上海应用物理研究所与中国核学会共同主办的英文学术期刊。《NST》创刊于1990年，2009年被SCI-E收录， 2016年与Springer集团合作在springerlink平台采用连续出版的模式（Continues Article Publishing）出版。《NST》主要报道核研究领域的科学发现、技术创新和重要成果，激励科学家和工程师知识的交叉增值，发表核科学与技术基础和应用研究高质量的创新成果。当前，《NST》正积极实施以"用户为中心"的出版服务理念，探索学术期刊服务科研新模式。
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  • 发文量：2687
  • 被引量：513
  • H指数：6
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  • 维普期刊影响因子： 0.25
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  • 国内刊号/CN：31-1559/TL
    国际刊号/ISSN：1001-8042
  • 发行周期：月刊
    邮发代号：4-647
  • 主管单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences
    主办单位：Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, CAS and Chinese Nuclear Society
核技术：英文版-联系信息
  • 主编：Ma Yu-Gang
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  • 邮箱：nst@sinap.ac.cn
  • 地址：2019 Jialuo Road, Jiading, Shanghai
  • 邮编：201800
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核技术：英文版 >2023年第10期

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  • 摘要：In this work, linear and mass attenuation coefficients, half and tenth-value layers, effective atomic number and electron density of different types of concretes were determined at 316.51, 468.07, 511, 662, 1173 and 1332 keV using MCNP-4C code and Win XCom programs. The MCNP-4C and Win XCom results agreed well with each other, with differences of ±1.9%. The results agreed with available experimental data, too, with differences of ±6%.The MCNP-4C results showed better agreement with the experimental data than the Win XCom results. Also, it was found that the effective electron density of studied concretes varies in the range of(2.83–3.2) 9 10^(23)electron/g.
  • 摘要：The sorption of the uranium(VI) ions from aqueous solutions by diethylethanolammonium organovolcanics(Kula-TURKEY) was investigated under different experimental conditions. DEEA was used to modify the surface of basaltic volcanics. The characteristic of basaltic volcanic was analyzed by XRF, SEM–EDS, FTIR, and XRD. The BET surface areas of unmodified volcanics and DEEA-modified volcanics were found as 2.265 and3.689 m^2/g, respectively. The volcanic samples were treated by using different concentrations of DEEA. The adsorption of U(VI) on natural and modified volcanics was examined as a function of the contact time, initial p H of the solution, initial U(VI) concentration, and temperature.Langmuir, Freundlich, and D–R adsorption isotherms were used to describe the adsorption. While examining the adsorption percentage and distribution coefficient, these values for unmodified volcanics were found to be25% ± 0.76 and 10.08 m L/g, while the values for the DEEA-modified volcanics were 88% ± 1.04 and 220 m L/g, respectively. The pseudo-first-order and pseudo-secondorder kinetic models were used to describe the kinetic data.In this study, it can be seen that the adsorption process is suitable for the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Various thermodynamic parameters(ΔG°, ΔH°, and ΔS°) were calculated with the thermodynamic distribution coefficients obtained at different temperatures. The sorption process was a chemical adsorption process. The results indicated that the processes are spontaneous and endothermic.
  • 摘要：The magnetic lens(Zumbro lens) is a critical part in proton radiography. Traditionally the matched beam for Zumbro lens in proton radiography is a virtual point source beam, which is not suitable for some cases, such as cylindrical samples. In these cases, a parallel beam is more appropriate. In this paper, a method, which uses quadrupole beamline, is proposed for designing a magnetic lens with parallel beam matched. Theoretical analysis is given. The results show that the matched beam for this lens is indeed parallel beam, while the major merits of Zumbro lens are inherited. Following this method, a theoretical design based on the 11-Me V cyclotron is presented.
  • 摘要：In this report, the results of preliminary research on L-alanine/ESR electron dosimeters are described. They include the designs of modelling tools and experimental capsules, the preparation and irradiation of very thin dosimeters, the measurement of ESR signal spectrum and the calibration method. The physical, chemical and dosimetric properties of the alanine free radical dosimeters, such as the smallest thickness, average density, lowest detectable limit, repeatability of the method, reproducibility resulted in directivity and location in resonance cavity, linearity regions as well as relative scattering of the response to identical doses, are summarized.
  • 摘要：Isotopic fragment yields of projectile fragmentation in peripheral collisions of^(86)Kr on^(124;112)Sn and the mean neutron-to-proton ratios of the fragments are calculated, theoretically, within the ensemble approach of statistical multifragmentation model. Obtained data are compared to the experimental cross-section measurements for the projectile-like fragmentation in the reaction of 25 Me V/nucleon^(86)Kr+^(124;112)Sn at Texas A&M University.We show the enhancement in the production of neutronrich isotopes close to the projectile as observed in the experiments. We also demonstrate the universality of the limitation of the excitation energy induced in the projectile residues.
  • 摘要：Four FPGA-based α/γ pulse shape discrimination algorithms for Ba F2 detector are investigated and compared in this paper. A 2-GSPS fast waveform sampling board based on DRS4 chip is employed to sample the pulses. The test results with a22 Na γ-source and the natural radioactivity of Ba F2 show good discrimination performance of the algorithms, with false rates around 1%. Small logical resource occupancy and short dead time are achieved. About 4400 slices are used in FPGA for pulse sampling and real-time discrimination altogether.
  • 摘要：Natural radioactivity radionuclides in building materials, such as^(226)Ra,^(232)Th and^(40)K, cause indoor exposure due to their gamma-rays. In this research, in a standard dwelling room(5.0 m 9 4.0 m 9 2.8 m), with the floor covered by various granite stones, was set up to simulate the dose rates from the radionuclides using MCNP4 C code. Using samples of granite building products in Iran, activities of the^(226)Ra,^(232)Th and^(40)K were measured at 3.8–94.2, 6.5–172.2 and 556.9–1529.2 Bq kg^(-1),respectively. The simulated dose rates were26.31–184.36 n Gy h^(-1), while the measured dose rates were 27.70–204.17 n Gy h^(-1). With the results in good agreement, the simulation is suitable for any kind of dwelling places.
  • 摘要：In situ quick X-ray absorption spectroscopy(QXAFS) at the Cu and Zn K-edge under operando conditions has been used to unravel the Cu/Zn interaction and identify possible active site of CuO/ZnO/Al_2O_3 catalyst for methanol synthesis. In this work, the catalyst, whose activity increases with the reaction temperature and pressure, was studied at calcined, reduced, and reacted conditions. TEM and EDX images for the calcined and reduced catalysts showed that copper was distributed uniformly at both conditions. TPR profile revealed two reduction peaks at 165 and 195 °C for copper species in the calcined catalyst. QXAFS results demonstrated that the calcined form consisted mainly of a mixed Cu O and Zn O, and it was progressively transformed into Cu metal particles and dispersed Zn O species as the reduction treatment. It was demonstrated that activation of the catalyst precursor occurred via a Cu^+intermediate, and the active catalyst predominantly consisted of metallic Cu and Zn O evenunder higher pressures. Structure of the active catalyst did not change with the temperature or pressure, indicating that the role of the Zn was mainly to improve Cu dispersion.This indicates the potential of QXAFS method in studying the structure evolutions of catalysts in methanol synthesis.
  • 摘要：Based on the newest experimentally extracted nuclear density distributions for double-magic nucleus208Pb(Tarbert et al. in Phys Rev Lett 112:242502, 2014),the sensitivity of α-decay half-life to nuclear skin thickness is explored in the vicinity of the shell closure region around208 Pb, i.e., isotopes of Z ? 82 and isotones of N ? 126.With the two-parameter Fermi(2PF) density distributions and an analytically derived formula, the α-decay half-life is found to be closely related to the magnitude of nuclear skin thickness. For a decays to the Z ? 82 isotopes, the α-decay half-life is found to decrease with the increasing neutron skin thickness, while the opposite behavior is found for a decays to the N ? 126 isotones. Therefore, it could be a possible way to extract the nuclear skin thickness from measured α-decay half-lives.
  • 摘要：We report the multiplicity dependence of charged particle production for the n~±, K~±, p, , and ? mesons at |y|<1:0 in p + p collisions at s^(1/2) = 200 GeV from a PYTHIA simulation. The impact of multiple parton interactions and gluon contributions is studied and found to be a possible source of the splitting of the particle yields as a function of p_T with respect to the multiplicity. No obvious particle species dependence of the splitting is observed.The multiplicity dependence of the ratios Kˉ/πˉ, K^+/π^+,/πˉ, p/π^+, and K_s^0 at mid-rapidity in p+ p collisions is found to follow a tendency similar to that in Au t Au collisions at (s_(NN))^(1/2) = 200 GeV at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider, indicating similar underlying initial production mechanisms despite the differences in the initial colliding systems.
  • 摘要：To study ultrafast processes at the sub-picosecond level, novel methods based on coherent harmonic generation technologies have been proposed to generate ultrashort radiation pulses in existing ring-based light sources. Using the High Energy Photon Source as an example, we numerically test the feasibility of implementing one coherent harmonic generation technology, i.e.,the echo-enabled harmonic generation(EEHG) scheme, in a diffraction-limited storage ring(DLSR). Two different EEHG element layouts are considered, and the effect of the EEHG process on the electron beam quality is also analyzed. Studies suggest that soft X-ray pulses, with pulse lengths of a few femtoseconds and peak powers of up to1 MW, can be generated by using the EEHG scheme, while causing little perturbation to the regular operation of a DLSR.
  • 摘要：The data for neutron-induced reactions are indispensable in a lot of applications of nuclear science and technologies. All reaction cross sections, angular distributions, energy spectra, and double-differential cross sections of neutron, proton, deuteron, triton, and alpha-particle emissions are consistently calculated and analyzed for n+^(23)Na reactions at incident neutron energies below200 Me V, based on nuclear theoretical models. The calculated results are compared with the experimental data and the evaluated data in the ENDF/B-VII, JENDL-4.0,and JEFF-3.2 libraries. In most cases, the calculated results describe the corresponding experimental data well. At the resonance energy region, evaluated experimental data are adopted to fit to the resonance structures.
  • 摘要：Correction to:NUCL SCI TECH(2020)31:79 https://doi.org/10.1007/s41365-020-00791-w In the original publication,there is a mistake in Eq.(9)and its explanations(Sect.2.2).The correction is as follows:Dv=αa^20m0exp(-H^m/v=kBT)(9)where a0 is the lattice constant and v0 is the attempt frequency for vacancy exchange[1,27],kB is the Boltzmann’s constant.
  • 摘要：Photofission fragments mass yield for^(232)Th,^(234;238) U,^(237) Np, and^(239;240;242) Pu isotopes are investigated.The calculations are done using a developed approach based on Gorodisskiy's phenomenological formalism. The Gorodisskiy's method is developed to be applied for the neutron-induced fission. Here we revised it for application to photofission. The effect of emitted neutron prior to fission on the fission fragment mass yields has also been studied. The peak-to-valley ratio is extracted for the240 Pu isotope as a function of energy. Obtained results of the present formalism are compared with the available experimental data. Satisfactory agreement is achieved between the results of present approach and the experimental data.
  • 摘要：The method to synthesize a high affinity muscarinic receptor antagonist (R,S)I-QNB[(R)-(-)-1-azabicyclo [2,2,2]oct-3-yl-(S)-(+)-α-hydroxy-α-(4-[127I]iodophenyl)-α-phenyl acetate] from 4-nitrobenzophenone with improvement compared to literatures was reported in this article. IR, MS and 1HNMR characterized the final product. (R,S)131I-QNB was prepared using Cu(I) assisted iodine exchange labeling, and showed by TLC that the radiolabeling yield(RLY) was over 80%, and radiochemical purity(RCP) was over 95%. Stability of the labeled compound was also determined. It was found that (R,S)131I-QNB dried by nitrogen blowing can stay at 4-10℃ for a week without change of RCP.
  • 摘要：The trace water-soluble radiolytic products of neat 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate([C4mim][PF6]) were identified by analysing water-washed samples of γ-irradiated ionic liquids. HF and difluorophosphinic acid were confirmed as the main radiolytic products of [C4mim][PF6], and their radiation chemical yields were quantified by19 F NMR(G(F-) = 0.14 μmol/J, G(HOP(O)F2) = 0.053 μmol/J). Compared to [C4mim][NTf2], [C4mim][PF6] shows better radiation stability.
  • 摘要：Understanding uranium-protein interaction is important for revealing the mechanism of uranyl ion(UO2+2)toxicity. In this study, we investigated the interaction between UO2+2and a quadruple mutant of cytochrome b5(E44/48/56A/D60 A cyt b5, namely 4A cyt b5) by spectroscopic approaches. The four mutated negativelycharged surface residues of cyt b5 have been considered to be the interactive sites with cytochrome c(cyt c).Also, we studied the interaction between UO2+2and the protein-protein complex of 4A cyt b5-cyt c. The results were compared to the interaction between UO2+2and cyt b5, and the interaction between cyt c and cyt b5-cyt c complex, from previous studies. It was found that the interaction of UO2+2-cyt b5, i.e., uranyl ion binding to cyt b5 surface at Glu37 and Glu43 as previously proposed by molecular modeling, is regulated by both surface mutations of cyt b5 and its interacting protein partner cyt c. These provide valuable information on metal-protein-protein interactions and clues for understanding the mechanism of uranyl toxicity.
  • 摘要：Extractability and extraction mechanism of lanthanide ions were investigated by using a new extractant,N,Nn,N′,N′-tetrabutyl-3-oxa-diglycolamide(TBDGA),in toluene from nitric acid media.The effects of HNO_3 and TBDGA concentrations,and temperature,on extraction of lanthanide ions were studied.Stoichiometrics of the main extracted species were HNO_3·TBDGA and M(NO_3)_3-3TBDGA(M = Er,Dy,Tb,Gd,La,Ce,Nd,Sm and Eu).The extracted species for metal ions were established to be ionic complex.In this complex,nitrate anion was not coordinated to the central ion.The extraction pattern increased gradually across the lanthanide ions series,showing enhanced affinity of TBDGA toward heavy lanthanide ions.Thermodynamic parameters were investigated for the exothermic extraction reaction.
  • 摘要：In this paper, we propose a new method for position-sensitive measurement of beta surface contamination. With a position-sensitive detector of enlarged sensitive detection area, accurate information of the contamination distribution can be obtained. The positionsensitive detection is based on a large-area plastic scintillator and the wavelength shifting(WLS) fibers and adopts the ‘‘light center of gravity'' method. Optical transmission of the detector is simulated with a preliminary detector model, and feasibility of the detector design and measurement method is evaluated using an experiment system.The simulation and experiment results at different beta-ray incident points on the scintillator surface show that there is a polynomial relationship between the average amplitude ratio of the output pulses from the two parallel WLS fibers in the same fiber layer and the relative distance from the incident point to the WLS fiber.
  • 摘要：Grating-based X-ray imaging can make use of conventional tube sources to provide absorption, refraction and scattering contrast images from a single set of projection images efficiently. In this paper, a fresh cherry tomato and a dried umeboshi are imaged by using X-ray Talbot–Lau interferometer. The seed distribution in the scattering image of the cherry tomato, and the wrinkles of epicarp in the refraction image of the umeboshi, are shown distinctly. The refraction and scattering images provide more information on subtle features than the absorption image. Also, the contrast-to-noise ratio values show distinguishing capacity of the three kinds of imaging techniques. The results confirm that grating-based X-ray imaging is of great potential in non-destructive fruit testing.
  • 摘要：We report in this paper the alignment calibration of the STAR pixel detector(PXL) prototype for the RHIC2013 run and performance study of the full PXL detector installed and commissioned in the RHIC 2014 run. PXL detector is the innermost two silicon layers of the STAR heavy flavor tracker aiming at high-precision reconstruction of secondary decay vertex of heavy flavor particles. To achieve the physics goals, the calibration work was done on the detector with high precision. A histogram-based method was successfully applied for the alignment calibration, and the detector efficiency after alignment was studied using both p t p collision data and cosmic ray data.
  • 摘要：The relativistic heavy-ion collisions create both hot quark–gluon matter and strong magnetic fields, and provide an arena to study the interplay between quantum chromodynamics and quantum electrodynamics. In recent years, it has been shown that such an interplay can generate a number of interesting quantum phenomena in hadronic and quark–gluon matter. In this short review, we first discuss some properties of the magnetic fields in heavy-ion collisions and then give an overview of the magnetic fieldinduced novel quantum effects. In particular, we focus on the magnetic effect on the heavy flavor mesons, the heavyquark transports, and the phenomena closely related to chiral anomaly.
  • 摘要：Atomic configuration and connectivity of Sb_2Te_3 thin film are investigated using high-energy X-ray diffraction and reverse Monte Carlo simulation. Atomic model details of Sb_2Te_3 thin film are compared with liquid and amorphous Sb_2Te_3 reported in other article. Simulations show that both Sb–Sb and Te–Te homopolar bonds are present in the models. In phase transition process,atomic configuration of the sample rearranges gradually through the forming of Sb–Te bonds and the breaking of Sb–Sb and Te–Te bonds.
  • 摘要：This study reports the performances of efficiency calibrations for high-purity-germanium gamma-ray spectrometry using the source-, Laboratory Sourceless Object Calibration Software(LabSOCS)-and ANGLE-based methods in an inter-comparison exercise. Although the results of LabSOCS and ANGLE for ^(241)Am emitting lowenergy gamma rays were not very satisfactory, all of the three efficiency calibration methods passed acceptance criteria. The results confirmed the reliability of the calculation codes ANGLE and LabSOCS as alternative efficiency calibration methods in high-purity-germanium gamma spectrometry. This study is likely to promote the further application of the ANGLE and LabSOCS calculation codes in radioactivity measurements.
  • 摘要：Resonances in the reaction 19F (α ,p) 22Ne have been used to detect and depth profile 19F in solid targets. Incident alpha particles in the range 2100-2500 keV were used and protons were detected at θ=135° with a large solid angle surface barrier detector covered to stop elastically scattered alpha particles. This technique is a simple, nuclide specific probe and is particularly useful in detecting 19F in the presence of heavy elements such as GaAs where conventional Rutherford backscattering is ineffective. Examples using this technique on epitaxially grown thin films containing LaF3 layers will be presented.
  • 摘要：The reaction 11B(p,α) 8Be was used to profile boron concentration in silicide. The energy of incident proton of 2.4 MeV was selected. The samples were Ti silicide implanted with 80 keV and 230 keV BF2. The experimental results indicate that the behaviour of boron is different from that of fluorine during silicide formation.

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    • • 卓越计划期刊
    • • 2015年度科学出版社"期刊出版质量优秀奖"
    • • 2016年中国国际影响力优秀学术期刊
    • • 2018年中国国际影响力优秀学术期刊
    • • 2018年上海"最具潜力英文期刊"

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