水冷固态增殖包层模块冷却剂管系流量分配研究

摘要

Test blanket module is a critical part of magnetic confinement fusion reactor to be used as tritium breeder and coolant.Aiming at flow distribution problem of coolant caused by complex structure of pipes in the blanket module of fusion reactor,this paper uses one-dimensional thermal fluid systems simulation software of Flowmaster to build sub-modules model of water-cooled solid blanket (WCSB).Flow distribution of the sub-module model in the operating condition is simulated and compared with design values and other relevant simulations.Simulation result shows that the pressure drop and temperature rise in each part of sub-module show good agreement with design value.The model can describe flow characteristics accurately.In operating condition,there is obviously non-uniform flow distribution observed in the side wall tubes.The mass flow rate difference between maximum and minimum is 5 ％.Manifolds on both ends of the side wall have an impact on flow distribution.Maintaining constant rectangular pipe cross section area,flow distribution is most uniform at square cross section area.Circular manifolds is more favorable to flow distribution.%包层是磁约束聚变堆中实现氚增殖和能量导出的重要部件,针对包层模块中,由于复杂的串并联流道结构所导致的冷却剂流量分配不均匀问题,采用一维热流体流动分析软件Flowmaster,建立了水冷固态增殖包层子模块的冷却剂流道结构模型.对运行工况下包层冷却剂流量分配进行模拟,并与相关试验以及模拟结果进行比对.模拟结果表明,所建立的子模块一维模型各部分冷却剂温升和压降均与设计值吻合,模型能够准确的描述包层冷却剂流动特性.在稳态运行工况下,包层子模块侧壁支管出现较为明显的流量分配不均匀现象,流量最大值与最小值偏差达到5％.位于侧壁上下两端的集合管对流量分配均匀性起重要作用,保持矩形集合管横截面积不变,横截面长宽相等时流量分配最为均匀.当集合管采用不同形状设计时,圆形管道流量分配均匀性要好于矩形管道.