超临界压力水冷包层方案第一壁的热与应力分析

摘要

针对超临界水冷包层中第一壁的运行工况，利用数值计算软件 ANSYS 中 CFX 和 Workbench 两个模块对第一壁结构中的固体域和流体域进行数值分析研究。对比矩形管道和圆形管道内传热及热应力分布发现，矩形管道四个角域强化了壁面流体和主流流体的动量和热量的交换，使传热性能优于圆形管道，而四个角域的存在也造成了该处的应力集中，使结构材料的最大应力明显高于圆形管道。进一步研究冷却剂流向和冷却管道几何结构参数对第一壁结构温度场和应力场的影响发现，在 ITER 运行工况下，冷却剂流向影响很小，增大冷却管道直径和减小冷却管道最小壁厚均能改善第一壁结构材料中的最高温度，而这两个几何结构参数对第一壁应力的影响较为复杂。%For the first wall operating conditions of the blanket cooled by supercritical pressure water,numerical computation software ANSYS CFX and Workbench were used to investigate the solid and fluid domains of the first wall structure. The effect of rectangular and circular cross section cooling ducts on the heat transfer and thermal stress were analyzed. It is shown that the four corners of the rectangular duct reinforced momentum and heat exchange between near-wall fluid and mainstream fluid,so that the heat transfer performance was better than the circular pipe,and the four corners where existed stress concentration caused the maximum stress of structure material,which was significantly higher than the circular duct. Considering the effect of coolant flow direction and the cooling pipe geometry parameters on the first wall structure in temperature field and stress field,the coolant flow direction has little effect in the ITER operating conditions. Increasing the cooling pipe diameter and decreasing cooling pipe wall thickness can reduce the maximum temperature of the first wall structure material, and these two parameters on the stress of the first wall are more complicated.