中国人口迁移流动的变化特点和影响因素--基于第六次人口普查

摘要

本文以第六次全国人口普查汇总数据为基础，就中国人口迁移流动的选择性、区域性以及人口迁移流动的影响因素进行了系统分析。研究发现：中国的人口迁移流动主要是受经济和家庭因素的驱动；中国的人口迁移流动具有非常明显的向东部沿海地区聚集的地理空间特点，空间距离虽然与人口迁移流动有一定的关联，但在选择空间距离的测量指标时，应该充分考虑到交通时间缩短的影响；省际人口迁移流动的影响因素中，迁移流动信息、收入水平差、人口数量差是影响省际人口迁移流动的正向指标，而城乡分布和空间距离是影响人口迁移流动的负向指标。研究结果对于正确理解我国人口形势的过去和现在，科学地预见和适应未来具有重要的意义。%Based on the latest published data of the sixth census, the present study analyzes the selectivity and region of float-ing population, as well as the factors influencing floating behavior systematically. We discover that, population floating in Chi-na is primarily driven by economic and familial factors. The floating population has obviously the spatial feature of concentra-tion on eastern area, from central and western China. Although population migration and floating is related to the spatial dis-tance, the impact of improvement of transportation on time of travel consumed should be taken into account. Among factors in-fluencing population floating between provinces, the acquirement of floating information, differences of income and population size are positive, whereas urban-rural distribution and spatial distance are negative. The findings of this study are in favor of understanding Chinese population situation correctly, and planning and regulating population policies scientifically.