后期扶持对提高青海黄河上游水库移民满意度的效果评价

摘要

水库移民成败不仅关系社会稳定，而且影响后续水电资源开发。本文运用因子分析法研究了青海黄河上游13个水库移民安置区的满意度，纵向比较了后期扶持对移民满意度的影响效果，横向对比了不同安置区的满意度差异。结果表明：后期扶持对提升移民满意度效果明显，2006年移民的满意度均值为0.495，2012年的满意度值达到0.605，基本解决了水、电、路、上学、就医等问题，缓减了贫困区移民对艰难生活的后顾之忧；安置区选址是影响移民满意度的关键，河湟谷地与格尔木市郊等地移民的满意度值均在0.65以上，接近较满意，高原地带共和、贵南等县的满意度值分布在0.3～0.6之间，属一般或很一般；移民满意度因生活习俗和民族等差异性略显不同，建议在一定范围内采取多样化安置措施。%Reservoir resettlement success or failure not only concerns social stability ,but also affects the development of hy-dropower resources. 13 reservoir migrant settlements were evaluated by factor analysis method in upper reaches of the Yellow River in Qinghai in this paper. We compared diachronically satisfaction caused by the late stage support ,and contrasted satis-faction of different resettlements. The results showed that: the effect of the late stage support to immigration satisfaction was very obvious. In 2006, mean value of immigration satisfaction was 0.495, while in 2012 it increased to 0.605. It has been tackling the problems of water,electricity,road,school, hospital etc. and alleviating the pressure on people's lives in poor mountainous areas. Resettlement area location is the key influencing immigration satisfaction. Value of satisfaction of immigra-tion placed in the Huangshui River Valley and the suburbs of Golmud was in 0.65 above,belong to good,while it was in 0.3~0.6 in Gonghe and Guinan counties in plateau area, belong to general or bad. Immigration satisfaction caused by living cus-toms and ethnic was slightly different,so diversify resettlement measures should be adopt.