北方杂交粳稻株型与食味品质性状的关系

摘要

Taste characters is the most important component of the rice quality. it was urgent needs to solve that how to evaluate taste characters quickly and effectively during breeding program and provides the theory basis for high-quality breeding. Correlation analysis and path analysis were made between agronomic trait and taste value by using 6 Japonica dual-Purpose sterile lines and 5 restorer lines to assemble 30 cross combinations, to discuss how to growth and improve rice taste quality by plant type selection. The result indicated that shape of flag leaf, plant height and neck-panicle thickness had direct action on taste value, among it the flag leaf had important effect on taste value. the rice with middle plant height, finer neck-panicle, narrower leaves, more panicles, compact-type and small leaf angle should be conducive to improving taste character.%稻米食味品质是稻米品质中最重要的组成部分。如何快速、有效地评价稻米食味品质，为优质育种提供理论依据，是今后育种过程中迫切需要解决的问题。实验以6个北方粳型两用不育系和5个恢复系，按NCⅡ设计配组30个杂交组合为研究材料，对其植株农艺性状与食味值进行了相关分析及通径分析，探讨通过株型选择提高和改善水稻食味品质的途径。结果表明：剑叶形态、株高和穗颈粗度对食味值的直接作用较大，其中水稻上三叶特别是剑叶对食味值的影响至关重要。在北方杂交粳稻优质育种过程中应选择株高中等、穗颈较细、叶片较窄、穗数较多、株型较紧凑且剑叶叶片角度较小的材料有利于食味品质的提高。