低熔点耐蚀Al－Si－Cu－Ge系钎料的研究

摘要

为开发一种新型的适用于钎焊6063铝合金的低熔点耐蚀钎料，采用DSC熔点测定、电化学试验、组织分析和接头抗剪切试验方法，筛选综合性能较好的钎料成分。由试验结果得出，优选出熔点为530℃的Al－8．5Si－20Cu－5Ge－3Ni－0．2Er钎料为综合性能较好的钎料。添加Ni可以提高钎料的腐蚀电位，降低腐蚀倾向。添加稀土Er可以细化钎料组织，细化块状初晶Si的大小，使尖锐的针状Al2 Cu金属间化合物的形态转变为棒状。稀土元素Er能促进结合界面处原子扩散，并提高接头的抗剪切强度。%The paper studied the development of a new corrosion resistance fil er metal with low melting point used to braze 6063 aluminum al oy;it presented the selection of high performance brazing fil er metal using OM,DSC,electrochemical testing and joint shear test.The results showed that the selected Al-8.5Si-20Cu-5Ge-3Ni-0.2Er fil er metal having melting point of 530℃was better in terms of overal performance.Ni addition could improve the corrosion potential and lower corrosion tendency of fil er metal;rare-earth Er addition could refine the microstructure of fil er metal and the grain size of block-like primary Si, transforming the shape of particles of Al2 Cu IMC from needle-like into rod-like;rare-earth element Er could promote atomic diffusion through the joint interface and improve joint shear strength.