自燃煤矸石吸附煤矿酸性废水矿物学特性研究

摘要

This paper examines the mineralogical characteristics of samples of spontaneous combustion coal gangue before and after the absorption of acid mine drainage, and samples of spontaneous combustion coal gangue which have been modified by NaOH or synergistically interacted with SRB by analytical and testing methods, such as SEM, XRD and FTIR in order to address environmental pollution issues caused by acid mine drainage. The results show that the ions in acid mine drainage are deposited on the surface of spontaneous combustion coal gangue in the form of small particles through surface pore adsorption and the coordination reaction of spontaneous combustion coal gangue. The NaOH modification process leads to dissolution of part of the surface material of spontaneous combustion coal gangue, so that a large number of pores on the surface are formed. In the comparison of XRD spectra and FTIR spectra, it is found that the mineral elements such as quartz and albite in spontaneous combustion coal gangue play a role in the adsorption of acid mine wastewater. The SRB-induced synergistic interaction with spontaneous combustion coal gangue has more impact on the structure of spontaneous combustion coal gangue compared to the NaOH-induced modification process. SRB which are attached to the surface of coal gangue not only affect the mineral composition on the surface of spontaneous combustion coal gangue, and lead to the formation of black sulfide particles, but also possess a direct treatment of acid mine wastewater, and therefore further improve their treatment effect on coal mine acid wastewater.%针对煤矿酸性废水污染问题,采用SEM、XRD和FTIR等分析测试手段,对吸附煤矿酸性废水前后的自燃煤矸石、NaOH改性自燃煤矸石和SRB协同自燃煤矸石样品进行矿物学特性研究.结果表明:自燃煤矸石通过表面孔隙吸附作用和发生配位反应,将煤矿酸性废水中的离子以小颗粒的形式沉积在自燃煤矸石表面.NaOH改性过程溶出自燃煤矸石表面的部分物质,使煤矸石表面出现大量孔隙.对比XRD谱图和红外光谱图可知,自燃煤矸石中的石英和钠长石等矿物成分在吸附煤矿酸性废水时起到了一定的作用.SRB协同自燃煤矸石过程对自燃煤矸石结构成分的影响比NaOH改性过程影响大,附着在煤矸石表面的SRB不仅影响自燃煤矸石表面的矿物质成分,形成黑色硫化物颗粒,还可以直接处理煤矿酸性废水,进一步提高对煤矿酸性废水的处理效果.