基于等效风速的风机功率波动特性分析

摘要

Natural wind is stochastic, its speed and direction change randomly and frequently. Wind turbines often suffer from a series of engineering issues during operation, including frequent yaw, overlarge vibration and downtime because of the changes of wind and control strategies. In this paper, an equivalent wind speed model including wind shear, tower shadow effect and yaw error is established, and the Matlab code is used for simulation analysis. The results are compared with the actual operation data from a wind farm. The output power oscillation characteristics at the equivalent wind speed are studied. The results indicate that the components of the equivalent wind speed have significant influence on the output power characteristics of the wind turbine. These results may provide a theoretical support for optimizing the control strategies to increase the operation stability of the wind turbines and the utilization ratio of wind energy.%自然界的风随机性强，风速和风向变化频繁。风机在实际运行中，经常因风的变化和控制策略问题引起风机频繁偏航、振动超限、故障停机等一系列工程问题。通过建立包含风剪切、塔影效应及偏航误差的等效风速模型，采用Matlab进行仿真分析，与风场实际运行数据进行对比，研究风机在等效风速下功率波动特性。结果表明，等效风速各分量对机组功率特性影响差异明显。可据此进行相关控制策略的优化设计以提高风机运行稳定性和风能利用率。