子宫内膜异位症是一个具有恶变潜能的良性疾病。基因突变、细胞凋亡受抑制与恶性肿瘤的发生发展有着密切关系。抑癌基因PTEN是人类肿瘤中突变率最高的基因之一，在多种恶性肿瘤的发生发展中起重要作用。Survivin是新近发现的一种凋亡抑制基因，Survivin蛋白是抗凋亡作用最强的凋亡抑制蛋白。Survivin在多数肿瘤组织及胚胎组织中表达，而在成人终末分化成熟组织一般不表达或低表达，这一特点为肿瘤诊断及治疗提供了新的靶点。本文着重对PTEN、Survivin的作用机制及其与卵巢子宫内膜异位症癌变的关系做一综述。%Endometriosis has confirmed to be a benign disease with potential malignant behavior. There is an intimate relationship between mutation of gene, inhibited apoptosis and occurrence and development of malignant tumor. PTEN is a tumor suppressor gene. PTEN plays a critical role in the development and progression of many cancer. Survivin, an anti-apoptotic gene found recently, can express a kind of protein which its apoptosis suppression effect is the strongest. The researches showed that survivin is expressed in most carcinoma tissues and embryonic tissues, but it is not or lowly expressed in most terminally differentiated matured tissues. This character provides a new target for diagnosis and treatment of gynecological tumors. In this review, we summarized progress in research on mechanism of action and their relationship with malignant transformation of ovarian endometriosis.
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