基于变密度法的床鞍结构拓扑优化设计

摘要

The bed saddler of the NC lathe is taken as the object of study. The finite element model is estab-lished taking advantage of HyperMesh. The static and dynamic characters analysis are performed based on this model and the deformation, the first natural frequency and mode shape of bed saddler are laid out. The topology optimization of bed saddler based on variable density method is carried out. By taking different types of rib plate cells to fill out the optimized saddle cavity and comparing their mass ratio, the structure with optimal stiffness was obtained as a result finally. The optimization result of this paper makes a guide for the redesign of the bed saddler of NC lathe. The analysis process and methods provide a reference for the de-signing and manufacturing of similar bed saddler of machine tools.%以数控车床床鞍为研究对象，基于HyperMesh平台构建床鞍的有限元模型后对其进行静动态特性分析，得到了床鞍在静态载荷下的变形云图以及1阶固有频率和振型。根据研究分析结果对床鞍进行了基于变密度法的拓扑优化设计。针对优化后的床鞍空腔，采取不同类型的筋板单元进行填充。比较其质刚比，最终得出床鞍静刚度最优的结构。文章的优化结果为改进床鞍的结构提供了理论依据，文章的分析思路和方法为其他机床床鞍的设计和生产提供了参考。