以山西马道头煤矿5#煤层为例,分析了矿井开采条件、水患来源,根据井田水文地质特征,开展了5#煤层防治水分区划分研究.研究表明:①现阶段矿井水患主要为地表水及大气降水、采空区积水、地下水,导水通道主要有断层、陷落柱、导水裂缝带和封闭不良钻孔;②5#煤层防治水分区可划分为可采区和缓采区,其中可采区1处,面积约110.4909 km2,缓采区2处(Ⅱ-1#、Ⅱ-2#),面积约75.5248 km2.在上述分析的基础上,针对可采区内的采空区积水、地表水及大气降水、煤层顶板水、奥灰水、断层水以及陷落柱水的防治措施进行了阐述;针对缓采区水文地质特征及水患类型不明确的问题,建议进一步开展物探工作,探明区内构造分布及水文地质情况.%According to 5#coal seam of Madaotou Coal Mine as the study example,the mining con-ditions and water hazards source of the coal seam are discussed,according to the mine hydrogeological ge-ological,partition division of water hazards prevention and controlling of 5#coal seam is done.The study results show that:①at present,the mine water hazards types are mainly for surface water and atmospheric precipitation,goaf water,underground water,the water-guiding channels are mainly for fault,collapse col-umn,water-guiding fissure belt and the holes with poor sealing effects;②partition of water hazards pre-vention and controlling of 5#coal seam can be divided into minable area and delaying mining area,among them,number of minable mining area is one,its area is about 1 10.490 9 km2,number of delaying mining area is two(named Ⅱ-1#and Ⅱ-2#),sum area of them is about 75.524 8 km2.Based on the above dis-cussion results,some related water hazards treatment measures of goaf water,surface water and atmospher-ic precipitation,water of coal seam roof,Ordovician limestone water,fault water and collapse column water of the minable mining area is proposed;in order to solve the unclear of hydrogeological characteristics and water hazards types,it is suggested that geophysical work should be futher conducted in the area,so as to obtain the reliable information of tectonic distribution and hydrogeological characteristics.
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