基于MATLAB/Simulink的油气悬架非线性阻尼特性分析

摘要

结合国产某型半车架拖拉机的振动特性,设计了一种阻尼可调式前轴油气悬架.在分析其工作原理的基础上,建立了油气悬架数学模型,利用MATLAB/Simulink研究和分析了油气悬架的非线性阻尼特性.研究结果表明:油气悬架的阻尼具有明显的非线性特性;活塞阻尼孔的个数和尺寸变化改变油气悬架阻尼的示功图和速度特性曲线;可调节流阀的过流面积只改变油气悬架还原行程的阻尼特性,对压缩行程的阻尼影响不明显;外界激励的频率和幅值对阻尼的示功图有显著影响,但不改变阻尼的速度特性曲线.%According to vibration characteristics of a certain type of tractor,a kind of adjustable damping hydro-pneumatic suspension was put forward.Based on the analysis of working principle,the nonlinear mathematical model of suspension was set up,and the nonlinear damping characteristics were investigated using MATLAB/Simulink.The results showed that suspension damping has obvious non-linear characteristics.The indicator diagram and speed characteristics of suspension damping are greatly influenced by the fluctuation of the number and size of the damping hole.The flow area of variable throttle only changes the damping characteristics of return stroke,the effect on compression stroke is not obvious.The frequency and amplitude of external excitation have a marked impact on indicator diagram of suspension damping,but have no effect on the velocity characteristics.