形状记忆合金是一种可以通过加热升温完全消除其在较低温度下的变形,恢复原始形状的合金材料.这种合金在高温母相状态下还拥有"超弹性"特点,表现为可承受比一般金属大几倍甚至十几倍的可恢复应变.形状记忆效应和超弹性效应是形状记忆合金的两大特性.由于其特殊的变形行为,以及良好的生物相容性,形状记忆合金已经被开发成各种医疗器械,在医疗领域拥有广阔的应用前景.%Shape memory alloy is a kind of alloy material that can completely eliminate its deformation at lower temperature and restore the original shape by heating up. The alloy also has " super-elasticity" in the state of high temperature, which can withstand a few times or even more than ten times recoverable strain than general metal. Shape memory effect and super elasticity are two characteristics of shape memory alloy. Because of its special deformation behavior and good biocompatibility, shape memory alloy has been applied into a variety of medical devices, and has a broad application prospect in the medical field.
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