1980-2010年张掖市气象灾害变化规律分析

摘要

Based on meteorological observation data and meteorological disasters data of six meteorological stations in Zhangye City during 1980 to 2010,the change characteristics of the main meteorological disasters in Zhangye City in recent 31 years were analyzed ,and the change regulations of the temporal and spatial variation of six counties in Zhangye City were also studied. The results showed as follows:different levels of meteorological disasters occurred frequently and seasonally every year in Zhangye City;wind,dust storms and hail decreased every year,but drought,freezing, rainstorm and flood,high temperature,dry-hot-wind,snow appeared contrarily;the distributions of the danger levels of the main meteorological disasters in Zhangye City were related with the altitude and landform closely ,and showed regional characteristics.%利用张掖市6个气象站1980-2010年的气象观测资料及气象灾害观测资料，分析了近31年来张掖市主要气象灾害的变化特征，研究了张掖市各县（区）主要气象灾害的时空变化规律。结果表明：张掖市气象灾害频发，每年均有不同程度的气象灾害发生，且季节性明显；大风、沙尘暴、冰雹年发生次数呈降低趋势，干旱、低温冻害、暴雨洪涝、高温、干热风、雪灾年发生次数呈增加趋势；张掖市主要气象灾害危险性等级分布具有地区性，与海拔高度及地形地貌密切相关。