煤层气梯级利用技术探讨

摘要

This paper described the present development and utilization situation of coal-bed methane both at home and abroad. To counter to the coal-bed methane of different concentrations, the paper analyzed the technologies suitable for its processing and utilization in order to improve its utilization rate and gain the maximum economic benefits. Based on the present technological level, it clarified the cascade processing and utilization technology, i. e. the coal-bed methane with the volume fraction more than 90% suited to directly purified and compressed into pipeline natural gas or purified into CNG / LNG; the coal-bed methane with the volume fraction from 30% to 90% suited to apply the purification technology ( the direct cryogenic liquefaction or pressure-swing adsorption) for CNG / LNG preparation;the coal-bed methane with the volume fraction from 8%to 30% suited to be used for low-concentration gas-fired power generation;and the coal-bed methane with the volume fraction from 1% to 8% can be mixed for regenerative oxidation utilization.%介绍了国内外煤层气开发与利用现状。针对不同浓度的煤层气，分析了其适宜的加工利用技术方式，以提高煤层气利用率及获得最大的经济效益。根据目前技术水平，阐明了煤层气梯级加工利用技术方式：甲烷体积分数在90%以上的煤层气适宜直接净化加压制成管道输送天然气或提纯制取CNG/LNG；甲烷体积分数为30%~90%的煤层气宜采用提纯技术(直接深冷液化或变压吸附)生产CNG/LNG；甲烷体积分数为8%~30%的煤层气宜采用低浓度瓦斯发电技术进行利用；甲烷体积分数为1%~8%的煤层气可经掺混后进行蓄热氧化利用。