若干铅锌矿矿井涌水水质初步研究

摘要

The mine water of metal mine is a kind of particular waste water produced during the mining and exploitation of mines.According to the analysis on mine water quality of several new established and re-newed Pb-Zn deposits,it is shown that the pH values of new established mines vary between 6.34 and 8.07, suspended solids vary between 1 1.0 and 63.0 mg/L;sulfides vary between 0.005 and 0.02 mg/L;Cu varies between 0.001 and 0.05 mg/L;Zn varies between 0.05 and 0.41 mg/L;Pb varies between 0.01 and 0.06 mg/L;Cd varies between 0.001 and 0.05 mg/L;As varies between 0.0007 and 0.066 mg/L;Hg is lower than 0.0001 mg/L;Cr VI varies between 0.03 and 0.04 mg/L.The pH values of renewed mines vary be-tween 2.1 and 8.28,suspended solids vary between 20 and 103 mg/L;sulfides vary between 0.002 and 0.015 mg/L sulfates vary between 75 and 805 mg/L;Cu varies between 0.01 and 0.65 mg/L;Zn varies between 0.08 and 285.67 mg/L;Pb varies between 0.01 and 0.84 mg/L;Cd varies between 0.03 and 2.18 mg/L;As varies between 0.0006 and 1.0 mg/L;Hg varies between 0.00001 and 0.00006 mg/L;Cr VI varies be-tween 0.004 and 0.024 mg/L.The mine water of most renewed mines is acid waste water,and metal ele-ments in the mine water of overwhelming majority of renewed mines,especially the major elements,are be-yond standard limit prescribed in Emission standard of pollutants for lead and zinc industry (GB 25461-2010).The author also discussed the actual quality of mine water produced by new established mines can be calculated by ore soaking water quality analysis under the mining conditions of simulated mine.%金属矿山矿井涌水是在矿山开采和利用过程中产生的特殊废水，对若干新建和续采铅锌矿矿井涌水水质进行分析，获得了新建矿山矿井涌水水质 pH 值在6.34~8.07之间，悬浮物在11.0~63.0mg/L 之间；硫化物在0.005~0.02 mg/L 之间；铜在0.001~0.05 mg/L 之间；锌在0.05~0.41 mg/L之间；铅在0.01~0.06 mg/L 之间；镉在0.001~0.05 mg/L 之间；砷在0.0007~0.066 mg/L 之间；汞<0.0001 mg/L；六价铬在0.03~0.04 mg/L 之间。续采矿山矿井涌水水质 pH 值在2.1~8.28之间；悬浮物在20~103mg/L 之间；硫化物在0.002~0.015 mg/L 之间；硫酸盐在75~805mg/L 之间；铜在0.01~0.65 mg/L 之间；锌 在0.08~285.67mg/L 之间；铅 在0.01~ 0.84mg/L 之间；镉 在0.03~2.18mg/L 之间；砷在0.0006~1.0 mg/L 之间；汞在0.00001~0.00006 mg/L 之间；六价铬在0.004~0.024 mg/L 之间。大部分续采矿山矿井涌水为酸性废水，绝大多数续采矿山矿井涌水金属元素特别是主元素超出《铅锌工业污染物排放标准》(GB25461-2010)标准限值。探讨了模拟矿山开采条件浸泡矿石水质分析可获得新建矿山生产时实际的矿井涌水水质。