刚果（金）地质特征与主要矿产资源概况

摘要

刚果(金)主要由刚果盆地和环盆地高原组成，盆地主要由中生代到新生代地层及近现代沉积物组成，沿着盆地内边缘分布有泛非时期的火山沉积物，环盆地高原主要为抬升的前寒武纪基底。刚果(金)优势金属矿产资源主要分布环盆地高原的加丹加新元古代铜-钴多金属成矿带、KIB-KAB中元古代锡-铌-钽-钨多金属成矿带、刚果东北太古代绿岩带型金-铁多金属成矿带上，而金刚石则主要分布开赛及东北部地区中新生代金刚石成矿区内。%In terms of geology,D.R.Congo is mainly composed by Congo Basin and the plateaus around the basin. Congo Basin consists of the Mesozoic and Cenozoic strata and some modern sediments,and the Pan-Africa volcanic sediments are distributed along the inner edge of the basin,while the plateaus around the basin are mainly uplifted Precambrian basement.The superior resources of metal minerals mainly occur in Katanga Cu-Co polymetallic metal-logenic belt of Neoproterozoic era in the plateaus around the basin,KIB-KAB Sn-Nb-Ta-W polymetallic metallogen-ic belt of Mesoproterozoic era and greenstone belt type Au-Fe polymetallic metallogenic belt of Archaeozoic era in northeastern Congo.However,most of the diamond resources are distributed in the Mesozoic-Cenozoic diamond metallogenic provinces of Kasai and northeastern Congo area.