美军地面战场机动救治机构设置历程

摘要

战场急救机构是战场阶梯救治的核心与基础，该文回顾总结了美军自二战中后期领导世界军事革命后，其火线急救机构陆军机动外科医院（ MASH）的产生、发展及被前沿外科手术队（ FST）和战斗支援医院（ CSH）替代的背景和相应机构的特点，揭示了及时适应具体战场环境和作战模式是美军火线急救机构设置和不断调整的关键原因，为我军火线急救机构的设置和调整提供借鉴。%Medical care on the battlefield is the core and basis of echelons of care.This review summarizes the background and characteristics of medical care units on the battlefield from the birth and growth of mobile army surgical hospitals before being replaced by forward surgical teams and combat support hospitals, since the United States Armed Forces began to lead the world military revolution during and after the World WarⅡ.Quick adaptation to the combat envi-ronment and the combat modes is the main reason that medical care units on the battlefield are adjusted continuously.This paper may provide some ideas for the development of our medical care units on the battlefield in the future.