为了保证观测数据的准确性,必须建立全面的辐射表性能指标检测体系,对辐射仪器的性能指标进行测试.依据世界气象组织(WMO)和ISO 9060的相关规定,在总日射表检定规程的基础上,试验和研究总日射表的零偏移、分辨率、方向响应、非线性误差等性能指标.光电型总日射表与光热型总日射表相比有明显的光谱选择性,在光谱范围、响应时间、测量原理、结构材料等方面均存在不同,因此二者的测量方法也存在差异.在非线性测试中,双光源叠加法被用以取代传统的太阳模拟器法.研究表明,选择总日射表的方向响应误差来指定仪表在各方向上的性能以及规范总日射表的分类,比用余弦响应误差和方位响应误差有更多的优点.%To ensure the accuracy of observation date, it is necessary to establish a comprehensive test system for radiation instruments, so as to test performance jndexes. According to the provisions of WMO and ISO 9060, on the basis of verification regulations of pyranometers, experiments and researches have been conducted in zero-offset, resolution, direction response, non-linear error, and other performances indexes. Compared with thermal pyranometers, photoelectric pyranometers have significant spectral selectivity, and there are also other differences in spectral range, response time, measurement principles and structural materials. Therefore, their test methods are different. in the non-linearity response test the traditional solar simulator was replaced by the dual-light superposition method. The study shows that it is advantageous to use the directional responses to indicate instrument' s performances in all directions and standardize the pyranometer's classification than to use cosine errors and azimuth errors
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