基于PEST模型的昆山市卫生计生事业外部环境分析

摘要

目的:对“十三五”期间昆山市的卫生计生事业发展的外部环境进行分析,为编制规划提供依据.方法:基于PEST模型,采用政策文件、二手统计资料、定性访谈、分析经济水平、人口结构等,对影响卫生计生事业的政治、经济、社会、技术四个方面做了分析.结果:昆山市的卫生计生等社会民生事业被摆在了更加突出的位置;人均GDP是全国的近4倍,遥遥领先;人口总量大,外来人口比例远远高于周边地区,人口老龄化加快,孕产妇保健服务不断增长,居民的预期高;卫生信息化方面有诸多的实践.结论:昆山市卫生计生事业的外部环境除了社会事业的重要性提升、人口政策变动等与其他县域的政策环境相同外,现代化大城市发展的长远定位、人口需求的特殊性及发展卫生信息化的必然性等方面与其他地区不同.作为发达县域代表的昆山,具有社会经济改革创新的经验和坚实的经济基础.昆山市既有压力、也有能力去探索发达县域的卫生计生事业发展模式,实现基层创新.%Objective:To provide basis for planning,we analyzed the external environment of Health and Family Planning Development in Kunshan City during the" 13th five-year" period.Methods:PEST Model was used to analyze the impact of policy,economy,society and technology which are related to Health and Family Planning Development.We analyzed economic situation and population structure and much else through policies,second-hand statistics and qualitative interviews.Results:The livelihood issues (like healthcare) had been put on a more prominent position.The GDP per capita in Kunshan was approximately 4 times the number of China's.There are a large population and the number of immigrants was much higher than the surrounding areas.The aging population degree was deepened and maternal health care services were also growing.The residents in Kunshan had higher expectations.There were a lot of practices in the field of information technology.Conclusion:The external environment of Kunshan Health and Family Planning Development shares lots (except the importance of livelihood issues has been emphasized and population policies change) in common with other areas,and they are much different in some ways such as the long term orientation of being a modern metropolis,the particularity of the population demand and the necessity of developing health information technology.As a representative of the developed counties,innovations made in Kunshan provide the experience for the reform of the livelihood issues and the economic foundation.In brief,it both has the pressure and the ability to explore the development model of Health and Family Planning to realize the innovation in the basic level.