基于风险传递视角的抗生素滥用风险分析

摘要

抗生素滥用及其导致的细菌耐药性已经严重地威胁了人们生命与健康,但目前缺乏从风险社会传递与风险社会管理的视角探讨如何对抗生素滥用进行监管,相关的研究也极少.抗生素滥用的高风险与公众对风险的低认知形成了风险的社会弱化.政策制定对风险的强传递,执行环节风险的弱化,公众缺乏了解风险信息的有效渠道是抗生素滥用风险社会传递的特点.建议加强政策执行环节的风险传递意识和激励机制,拓展风险传递的有效形式,重视专业人士的风险警示作用.%Antibiotics abuse and antimicrobial resistance has risked people's life and health seriously.However,there are lack of discussion of antibiotics abuse supervision from the perspectives of risk social transmission and risk social management.Also,there are few researches focusing on this area.High risk of antibiotics abuse and people's low risk perception forms characteristic of social attenuation of risk.Strong risk delivery in policy making,attenuated risk signals in the process of lax policy implementation,and deficiency of efficient channels for risk transmission are the basic characteristics of social transmission of antibiotics abuse risk.We propose that enhancing the consciousness of risk transmission and incentive mechanism in the process of policy implementation,developing efficient transmission forms for antibiotics risk,and taking full advantage of the role of medical professionals in risk communication.