雌激素治疗盆底功能障碍性疾病的研究进展

摘要

The pelvic supporting tissue structure and function changes of the middle-aged and older women could cause pelvic floor dysfunction ( PFD ) .And postmenopausal women has a high incidence of PFD,which suggests that the development of PFD is associated with estrogen deficiency .Estrogen receptors (ER) exists in the female genital tract tissues including main ligaments,uterosacral ligament,levator ani muscle, posterior fornix of vagina and vaginal wall tissue.As the ER level decreases,the pelvic tissue func-tion of postmenopausal women get damaged as well,and PFD deteriorates.So,estrogen therapy may be a way to treat PFD,however,further studies are needed for estrogen to be used in PFD as its mechanism is compli-cated and ER distribution in different parts is different.%中老年女性盆底支持组织的结构、功能发生改变，导致盆底功能障碍性疾病（ PFD ）的发生。绝经后妇女PFD的发生率增加、症状加重，提示 PFD 的发生、发展与雌激素缺乏有关系。女性生殖道组织中主韧带、宫骶韧带、肛提肌、阴道后穹隆组织和阴道壁组织均存在雌激素受体（ER），绝经后雌激素水平下降，盆腔组织功能改变，PFD也相应加重。因此，应用雌激素疗法逆转盆腔组织功能改变可能是治疗PFD的一种方式，但其机制复杂，各部位ER分布并不相同，其在临床应用仍需进一步的探索。