Objective To investigate the effect of different delivery modes on the delivery and neonatal outcome of pregnancy after cesarean section.Methods A retrospective analysis on 90 cases of singleton, full-term,cephalic expectant labor pregnancy after cesarean section in Yan′an University Affiliated Hospital from May 2013 to May 2014 was done, among which 50 cases underwent cesarean section ( observation group) ,40 cases underwent vaginal delivery ( control group ) .The delivery and neonatal outcome of the patients were observed and recorded.Results The amount of bleeding,hospitalization time in the observa-tion group were (322.1 ±10.9) mL,(10.7 ±2.5) d,which were significantly higher than those in the con-trol group which were (240.5 ±15.9) mL,(5.2 ±1.9) d,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The 1 min Apgar score in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group [(8.2 ±0.3) scores vs (9.4 ±0.4) scores],the difference was statistically significant(P <0.05).The total incidence of amniotic fluid pollution in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group[42.0%(22/50) vs 22.5%(9/40)](P<0.05).There was no significant difference between the two groups in the occurrence rate of the newborn caput succedaneum ( P>0.05 ) .The total incidence of maternal puerperal infection,postpartum hemorrhage and other complications of the observation group were significantly higher than that of the control group[28.0% (14/50) vs 10.0% (4/40)],the total incidence of neonatal complications such as neonatal asphyxia,pneumonia and other complications of the observation groupwere significantly higher than the control group [ 32.0%( 16/50 ) vs 10.0%( 4/40 ) ] ( P <0.05 ) . Conclusion Women with pregnancy after cesarean section are advised to use natural delivery,which can not only reduce the damage caused by the operation,promote the recovery of the patient′s body,but also re-duce the complications of the newborns.%目的探讨不同分娩方式对剖宫产术后再次妊娠产妇分娩结局以及新生儿结局的影响。方法回顾性分析2013年5月至2014年5月延安大学附属医院收治的单胎、足月、头位待产的剖宫产术后再次妊娠的产妇90例，其中50例行剖宫产术（观察组），40例自然分娩（对照组）。观察并记录产妇分娩结局以及新生儿结局。结果观察组产妇出血量、住院时间显著高于对照组[（322．1±10．9） mL比（240．5±15．9） mL、（10．7±2．5） d比（5．2±1．9） d]（P＜0．05）。观察组产妇新生儿1 min Apgar评分显著低于对照组[（8．2±0．3）分比（9．4±0．4）分]（P＜0．05）。观察组产妇羊水污染发生率明显高于对照组[42．0％（22／50）比22．5％（9／40）]（P ＜0．05）。两组患者新生儿产瘤发生率差异无统计学意义（ P＞0．05）。观察组产妇分娩后产褥感染、产后出血等并发症的总发生率显著高于对照组[28．0％（14／50）比10．0％（4／40）]（P＜0．05），新生儿并发症如新生儿窒息、肺炎等并发症总发生率也显著高于对照组[32．0％（16／50）比10．0％（4／40）]（P＜0．05）。结论对于剖宫产后再次妊娠的产妇建议选用自然分娩方式，不仅能减少手术带来的损伤，促进产妇身体恢复，而且有利于减少新生儿产科并发症。
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