脐带异常附着的现状与超声诊断进展

摘要

近年来,脐带异常附着的发病率呈上升趋势,其对围生儿产生多种不良影响.而如何早期诊断、准确评估病情是减少胎儿不良妊娠结局的关键.超声多普勒技术因无辐射、多角度、全方位且实时动态获取图像信息而被广泛应用于产前诊断.其中,二维超声联合彩色多普勒血流显像是脐带异常附着可靠且重要的检查方法.而经阴道超声能更好地辨认宫颈内口及子宫下段的结构和情况,为帆状胎盘并发血管前置提供更加精准的诊断方式.随着超声新技术不断发展与成熟,三维能量多普勒血管成像技术的应用,进一步提高了脐带异常附着的检出率,在今后的超声诊断中其将发挥更重要的价值.%In recent years,the incidence of abnormal insertion of umbilical cord has been on the rise,which has variety of adverse effects on the perinatal infants. Early diagnosis and accurate assessment of their condition are the key to reduce the adverse outcome of pregnancy.Ultrasonography is widely used in prenatal diagnosis due to its features of radiation-free, multi-angle,all-directional and real-time access to image information. Two dimensional ultrasound combined with color Doppler flow imaging is a reliable and important method for the examination of abnormal insertion of umbilical cord.Trans-vaginal ultrasonography is a better way to identify the structures of the cervix and the lower part of the uterus.It provides a more accurate diagnosis for velamentous cord insertion complicated with vasa previa.With the development and maturing of new ultrasound technology,and the application of three-dimensional power Doppler angiography,the detection rate of abnor-mal insertion of umbilical cord has been further improved,which will play a more important role in the future ultrasound diag nosis.