干细胞在肌腱组织损伤修复中的潜能

摘要

The repair process is very slow in tendon injuries.It is generally difficult to restore to its original structure of integrity and normal mechanical state.The lack of understanding in the basic features of the tendon contracture limits the development of tendon treatment.Because the tendon cells regeneration ability is very weak,and the vast majority of extracellular matrix is secreted by the tendon cells,it is almost impossible to reverse the contracture of the state on its own repair function after tendon recovery stress.Therefore,looking for new method promoting tendon physiological regenerative repair is of great clinical significance,and the key to the construction of tissue-engineered tendon cells is to find suitable seed cells and ideal inducers.Some of these methods are the use of embryonic stem cells,tendons precursor cells,adipose-derived stem cells and the corresponding transcription regulatory factors to form new tendon tissue.%损伤的肌腱组织修复过程非常缓慢,并且很难恢复到原来结构完整和机械力学正常的状态.对肌腱基本特征的了解缺乏限制了挛缩肌腱治疗方法的发展.肌腱细胞再生能力有限,而外基质绝大多数由这种再生能力较弱的肌腱细胞分泌.肌腱损伤后即使在恢复应力后依靠自身的修复功能依然不可能逆转其挛缩的状态.因此,寻找新型的、可促进肌腱生理性再生修复的方法具有极其重要的临床意义,而发现合适的种子细胞和理想的诱导剂是组织工程化肌腱细胞构建的关键所在,其中一些方法包括利用胚胎干细胞、肌腱前体细胞、脂肪干细胞及相应的转录调控因子形成新的肌腱组织.