Objective To investigate the incidence and common etiology of acute respiratory disease (ARD) in recruits of one military unit Methods Nasopharyngeal swabs and blood samples were consecutively collected from conscripts from Jan. 2008 to Feb. 2010 in a military training centre. The real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR assay was conducted to detect 15 species of common respiratory pathogens. The serum anti-LegioneLla pneumophila antibody was detected by indirect immunofluorescence (HF) assay, and serum anti-Microplasma pnetanoniae antibody, serum anti-influenza B virus, anti-influenza A virus-IgM and IgG were detected with ELISA. Results The incidence of ARD was 60.4% (110/182) in 2008, 23. 3% (50/215) in 2009, and 19.6% (40/204) in 2010. Among the ARD patients during 2008 to 2010, infection of influenza B virus accounted for 44. 5%, 30.0% and 55.0%, respectively. The seasonal influenza A virus infection accounted for 8. 2%, 8.0% and 5.0%, respectively. The positive rate of serum anti-Legionella pneumophila and anti- Microplasma pnewnoniae antibody in recruits was lower than 10% in these three years without diagnostic significance. 28. 7% (31/108) of patients with ARD in 2008 had the pulmonary radiological infiltrates with good clinical prognosis. Conclusion Early appropriate diagnosis and treatment of ARD in military personnel will play a pivotal role in ensuring strength of armed forces.%目的 调查某部入伍新兵急性呼吸道疾病(ARD)的发病率及常见的感染病因.方法 收集某部2008-2010年入伍新兵的咽拭子及外周静脉血标本,采用荧光定量PCR法检测15种呼吸道疾病常见病原体；采用间接免疫荧光法检测抗嗜肺军团菌抗体；采用ELISA法检测血清抗肺炎支原体-IgM和IgG及抗流感病毒抗体.结果 182名2008年新兵中,60.4%(110/182)患ARD;215名2009年新兵中,23.3%(50/215)患ARD;204名2010年新兵中,19.6%(40/204)患ARD.2008-2010年入伍新兵的ARD患者中,感染乙型流感病毒的比例分别为44.5%、30.0%和s5.0%,感染甲型流感病毒的比例分别为8.2%、8.0%和5.0%.部分人群抗嗜肺军团菌和抗肺炎支原体抗体阳性,但与历史对照相比,无特异性升高,不构成疾病流行证据,2008年新兵中,28.7%(31/108)的患者出现了肺部球形浸润性病变,但预后均良好.结论 某部入伍新兵ARD发病率较高,加强预防和提高早期诊治水平对提高部队战斗力具有重要现实意义.
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