精神分裂症患者健康一级亲属的心理防御机制研究

摘要

目的：：探讨精神分裂症患者健康一级亲属的心理防御机制。方法：对收集的112例精神分裂症患者健康一级亲属作为研究组和100例健康对照者作为对照组。采用防御方式问卷( DSQ)评估比较两组研究对象的心理防御机制。结果：①研究组研究对象的不成熟型和中间型防御机制分数高于对照组(P<0.01)；成熟型防御机制，两组研究对象无显著差异(P>0.05)；②在不成熟防御机制中，研究组研究对象的投射、被动攻击、潜意显现、幻想、分裂、躯体化以及中间型防御机制的反向形成、伴无能之全能、隔离等因子分显著高于对照组(P<0.01)，其余各因子差异无显著(P>0.05)；在成熟防御机制方面，两组研究对象的各因子差异无显著(P>0.05)；③精神分裂症患者的一级亲属中父母、兄弟姐妹和子女在心理防御机制的应用总体相似。结论：本研究提示精神分裂症患者的健康一级亲属存在不成熟防御机制和中间型防御机制，有必要对其进行心理干预，以促进其向成熟防御机制转化。%Objective: To explore psychological defense mechanism for the healthy first-degree relatives of schizophrenics. Methods:The healthy first-degree relatives of 112 schizophrenics ( research group) and 100 normal controls ( control group) were en-tered in the study. The defense styles questionnaire ( DSQ) was used to evaluate the psychological defense mechanisms of the two groups. Results:(1) The scores of immature and intermediate defense mechanisms of research group were significantly higher than those of control group (P<0. 01), but there was no significant difference between research group and control group in the mature de-fense mechanism (P>0. 05). (2) The scores of projection, passive aggression, subconscious show, fantasy, split and somatization of immature defense mechanism and the scores of reaction formation, all capacity with incapacity and isolation of intermediate defense mechanism of research group were significantly higher than those of control group (P<0. 01), but there were no significant differences in other factors (P>0. 05). Further, there were no significant differences in each factor score of mature defense mechanism between the two groups (P>0. 05). (3) The first-degree relatives (parents, siblings, and children) of the schizophrenics were broadly similar on the application of psychological defense mechanism. Conclusions: Most of the healthy first-degree relatives of the schizophrenics apply the immature and intermediate psychological defense mechanisms. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out the psychological inter-vention to promote the conversion of immature psychological defense mechanisms to mature.