海军航空兵某部基层官兵疾病谱调查分析

摘要

目的 通过调查海军航空兵基层官兵的患病情况,分析其疾病谱特点,为开展针对性的卫勤保障工作提供理论依据.方法 分析海军航空兵某场站官兵2015年8月—2016年7月的患病情况,参照疾病和有关健康问题的国际统计分类标准(ICD-10)进行分类统计,分析不同职级间疾病谱构成的差异,不同系统疾病和单一疾病间构成比差异.结果 海军航空兵某部基层官兵疾病构成比前6位的是呼吸(20.8%)、消化(20.2%)、肌肉骨骼(12.4%)、神经(10.8%)、眼和附器(6.7%)、耳和乳突(5.9%)系统疾病.以上6种系统疾病患者数占总就诊病例数的76.8%.单病种疾病构成比居前5位的是上呼吸道感染,慢性胃炎,慢性咽炎,屈光不正,睡眠障碍.呼吸、消化、神经系统疾病在各职级组系统疾病的构成比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).在不同职级组的单病种疾病构成比中,腰肌劳损、耳鸣、龋齿、牙周炎和脂肪肝差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 海军航空兵基层部队卫生工作应将呼吸系统和消化系统疾病作为防治的重点,制订科学防治预案和护理措施,切实保障海军航空兵基层官兵的身体健康.%Objective To investigate the characteristics of the disease spectrum of a grass-roots unit in Naval Air Force in order to provide data for specific medical support.Methods According to international disease classification standard (ICD-10), the disease patterns of a grass-roots unit in Naval Air Force between August 2015 and July 2016 were retrospectively analyzed.ResultsThe top six systemic diseases in a grass-roots unit of Naval Air Force were diseases with the respiratory system (20.8%), digestive system (20.2%), muscle, bones and connective tissue (12.4%), nervous system(10.8%), eye and affiliated organs (6.7%), and mastoid process (5.9%), respectively, accounting for 76.8% of the whole disease spectrum. The top five common diseases were upper respiratory infections, chronic gastritis, chronic pharyngitis, ametropia and somnipathy. There were significant differences in the constituent ratio of the respiratory system, digestive system, and nervous system respectively between different ranks (P<0.05). Further analysis indicated that there were statistical differences in the strain of lumbar muscles, tinnitus, saprodontia, periodontitis and fatty liver between different ranks (P<0.05).Conclusion Diseases in the respiratory system and digestive system are the focus of healthcare and disease prevention in grass-roots units of Naval Air Force. In order to ensure the health of officers and soldiers of Naval Air Force in grass-roots units, efforts should be made to train doctors with related knowledge of health, formulate proper prevention plans and nursing measures, and enhance the awareness of disease prevention.