赣州市2005-2012年风疹流行特征分析

摘要

Objective: To find out the epidemiological characteristics of rubella in Ganzhou from 2005 to 2012,and provide the reference basis on rubella control and reduce the occurrence of CRS.Method:Descriptive epidemiological analysis of rubella was conducted in Ganzhou from 2005 to 2012. The data were obtained from the National Disease Reporting Information System.Result:A total of 2298 rubella cases were reported from various areas in Ganzhou during this period with the average rate of the incidence of 3.57/100 000, the incidence of regional difference was statistically significant (X2=1595.14,P<0.01). The peak incidence of rubella was from March to June, accounted for 69.63%. Men had the higher incidence than women, with statistical significance(X2=88.82,P<0.01). The highest incidence was reported in adolescents aged 10 to 14,was 14.13/100 000. The women of childbearing age’s incidence was 0.97/100 000.Conclusion: The epidemic of rubella in Ganzhou was serious, most of the affected individuals are students and preschool children, all the outbreak is found in schools. It is necessary to improve the ability of monitoring and early warning, and it is important to strengthen the rubella vaccination coverage in order to reduce the incidence of rubella and CRS.%目的：了解近年来赣州市风疹疫情特征，为控制风疹流行和减少先天性风疹综合征（CRS）的发生提供参考依据。方法：对国家疾病监测信息管理系统上报的赣州市风疹监测数据进行描述性分析。结果：2005-2012年，赣州市报告风疹2298例，发病率3.57/10万，各县（市、区）均有病例报告，各地区发病率差异有统计学意义（X2=1595.14，P<0.01）；每年3~6月为高发季节，占全年病例总数的69.63%；10~14岁组儿童发病率较高，达14.13/10万，男性发病高于女性，男女发病率差异有统计学意义（X字2=88.82，P<0.01），发病率育龄期妇女发病率为0.97/10万。结论：近年来，赣州市风疹疫情较为严俊，学生和学龄前儿童是风疹发病的重点人群，爆发疫情均发生在学校，应提高监测、预警能力，强化对该人群预防接种，落实学校等人群聚集场所的防控措施，以控制风疹流行和减少CRS的发生。