利用压力损失补偿方法提高气力提升装置性能研究

摘要

基于多相流流型及垂直管道提升沿程压力损失机理,依据压力损失补偿方法,提出了管径”压力损失补偿系数”.结合模拟气力提升实验理论,建立了气力提升装置物理模型,设计了气力提升新型管道结构.计算了不同进气量和浸入率下压力损失补偿系数对气力提升排水量的影响,分析了不同压力损失补偿系数下的气力提升装置排水量及提升效率.研究结果表明:管径影响气力提升沿程压力损失,在一定范围内管径越大,管道沿程压力损失越小.合理的压力损失补偿系数能改变管道结构形状,减小管道摩擦阻力,进而降低气力提升过程中的管道压力损失并改变多相流流型相变点位置,提高气力提升装置效率.以排水量表征气力提升装置性能,不同进气量和浸入率下,压力损失补偿系数为正时,多相流流型受提升管道内压力损失影响降低,沿程气力提升装置排水量提高;压力损失补偿系数在0～4°逐渐增大,气力提升装置排水量先上升后趋于平稳;进气量为4.2 kg/h和2.5 kg/h时,排水量在压力损失补偿系数为2.5°～3°和0.7°～1°时达到较高值,其气力提升装置效率提高最大值分别为14.6％与9.5％.%Based on the multiphase flow pattern and pressure loss mechanism of vertical pipe lifting,the pressure loss compensation coefficient of pipe diameter is proposed according to the pressure loss compensation method.The physical model of the air lift device was established based on the theory of simulated air lift.The new type air lift pipeline structure was designed.The influence of pressure loss compensation coefficient on mass flow rate of air lift under different air flow rate and immersion rate was calculated.Based on this analysis,the water flow rate and lifting efficiency of the gas lift equipment under different compensation coefficients were analyzed.The results show that the diameter of the pipeline has influence on the pressure loss,and the larger the pipe diameter is,the smaller the pressure loss is.The reasonable pressure compensation coefficient can reduce the pressure loss of the pipeline by changing the shape of the pipeline structure,and reduce the pressure loss of the pipeline during the lifting process,thus changing the position of the phase change point of the multiphase flow pattern and improving the efficiency of air lift device.Mass flow rate is the very parameter to measure the ability of air lift device,when the pressure compensation coefficient is positive,the pressure loss of the multiphase flow pattern is reduced and the water flow rate of the air lift device is improved.When the pressure compensation coefficient is increasing from 0 to 4 °,the water flow rate of air lift starts to improve and tends to stabilize.When the air flow rate is 4.2 kg / h and 2.5 kg / h,the water flow rate increases to a higher value when the pressure compensation coefficient is 2.5° ～ 3 ° and 0.7° ～ 1 °,and the maximum efficiency of air lift increases by 14.6％ and 9.5％.