基于STC单片机的弹丸速度测量系统设计

摘要

设计了一种速度大于1 km/s的高速弹丸测速装置.用光纤将入射光导入至弹丸表面,将其反射光导出至光电二极管( GT101),利用光电转换后的信号触发STC 12 C5 A60 S2单片机计时器两路外部中断实现计时,根据两测量点间距和弹丸飞行的时间差,可计算弹丸速度值.利用单片机控制LCD显示速度值并作为下位机与上位机进行串行通信.将软硬件系统经集成为光电测速装置,并用于二级轻气炮的高速弹丸速度测量.结果表明,该测速装置简单可靠,可满足二级轻气炮宽范围速度测量的要求.%An optoelectronic device is developed for projectile speed measurement. The incident beam is input onto the projectile surface and weak reflected beam is output to the photodiode(GT101) by fibers at each station respectively. Output signals from GT101 are employed to trigger the internal timer of STC12C5A60S2 microcontroller. Based on the distance and signal time difference between the neighbor stations, the projectile speed can be calculated. Then, LCD controlled by microcontroller can display the projectile speed and communicate data between lower computer and host PC by serial ports. Finally, the projectile speed and current time histories of each diode can be saved in PC. The results show that this device is with good flexibility and reliability in measurement wide speed range of projectile from two-stage gas gun.