曲面柔性轧制装置设计与成形工艺分析

摘要

采用曲面柔性轧制方法可以实现三维曲面板类件的连续、柔性成形，为了验证该方法的可行性，本文基于曲面柔性轧制原理，设计出成形装置并研究了装置关键部件工作辊的驱动方式，驱动方式可以分为单端与双端两种；进行相关成形实验并对曲面柔性轧制成形工艺进行了分析，探讨了成形过程。结果表明：一次调形成形工艺适用于小变形量情况，成形质量好，效率高；渐进调形成形工艺，以小的压下量逐渐使板料成形，在一定程度上可以消除板料边缘皱褶，减小回弹，利于板料成形；理论上讨论了实时调形成形工艺，该种工艺将会提高成形自动化与效率。对成形件进行了成形精度与厚度分布研究，表明成形效果良好，验证了曲面柔性轧制成形方法的可行性与实用性。%Three dimensional sheet metal parts can be formed continuously and flexibly by the method of surface flexible rolling. To verify the feasibility of the method, the forming device is designed and the critical components, working rolls, driving modes are studied based on the principle of surface flexible rolling. The modes can be divided into two kinds:single-ended and double-ended. The results show that one-step forming process can be used in the case of small amount deformation and will achieve good forming quality and high efficiency. The multi-step forming process makes a small reduction in the sheet metal forming each time gradually and can eliminate the plate edges folding, reduce the rebound conducive to some extent. The real-time forming process which will enhance the flexible rolling forming automation and efficiency is discussed theoretically. The forming precision and thickness distribution of the pieces are favorable.