高软化点各向同性沥青和各向异性沥青中喹啉不溶物的结构研究

摘要

The isotropic and anisotropic pitches with similar high softening point were chosen as the raw materials, and the quinoline insolubles(QIs) were extracted from them. The optical texture of anisotropic pitches, morphologies and microstructures of QIs were characterized by polarized light microscope, scanning electron microscope, elemental analysis, iodine adsorption test, and X-ray diffraction. The results indicate that anisotropic pitches can display various optical textures. The QIs extracted from isotropic pitches and anisotropic pitches exhibit great differences in both morphology and microstructure. QIs extracted from anisotropic pitches have lower cross-linking extent, aroma-ticity and condensation, but the molecular structures are more regular and more ordered than QIs extracted from isotropic pitches. Moreover, the isotropic pitch is less ordered than its QI and the anisotropic pitch is more ordered than its QI.%以软化点相近的高软化点各向同性沥青和各向异性沥青为原料,经溶剂萃取分离出喹啉不溶物(QI),采用偏光显微镜、扫描电镜、元素组成分析、碘吸附测试和X射线衍射分析,对各向异性沥青的光学织构、QI的形貌及其微观结构进行了分析.结果表明,不同原料来源的各向异性沥青会表现出不同的光学各向异性.对高软化点沥青QI的分析表明,虽然母体沥青的软化点相近,但是具有不同光学各向性的沥青分离出的QI在形貌和微观结构上有较大的差异,各向异性沥青QI的分子交联度、芳香度和缩合度均比各向同性沥青QI小,但是平面分子结构更规整,有序度更高.同时发现,当沥青为各向同性时,母体沥青的分子有序度不如QI高,但当沥青为各向异性时,母体沥青的有序度却高于QI.