镁合金体系的相图研究进展∗

摘要

Mg 合金具有低密度、高比强度、高阻尼和良好的铸造性能等优点，然而，耐热性差且在酸性腐蚀介质中腐蚀速率快限制了 Mg 合金的广泛应用。合金化是改善 Mg 合金性能的有效途径，而多元相图是优化 Mg 合金成分设计的基础。总结了 Mg 合金相图的实验测定方法，阐明了 Mg 合金体系相图的研究现状，提出了未来 Mg 合金相图研究方向及其对开发新型 Mg 合金的重要性；并以 Mg-Al-Sr 体系为例说明如何借助相图来预测和理解合金的微观组织。%Magnesium alloys have been widely applied due to a number of desirable properties,such as low den-sities,high specific strengths,high damping characteristics and excellent casting performance,but the limited heat re-sistance and rather fast corrosion rate in acid environment have retarded their applications.Alloying is an effective tool to improve their properties.Phase diagrams are the foundation of compositional design of novel magnesium alloys. The experimental methodologies to determine magnesium alloys phase diagrams are summarized.The research pro-gress of phase diagrams of magnesium alloys is reviewed.How to utilize phase diagram as the basis to predict and un-derstand the microstructures in the Mg-Al-Sr ternary system is also discussed.