Photocatalysis is regarded as one of the most promising strategies to solve energy and environmental problems of human society, which has attracted increasing interests all over the world. However, the further development and practi-cal applications are greatly limited owing to the low photocatalytic efficiencies. Therefore, it is the most important issue to design and synthesize new kinds of photocatalysts with high conversion efficiencies. We recently proposed some new ideas on designing and synthesis of highly reactive photocatalysts from the aspect of crystal structure design, which have been summarized in this work in details. In this work, we mainly focused and presented some information on the designing theo-ries, synthesis methods, structure-property relationship, and photocatalytic mechanism of several new photocatalysts in-cluding plasmonic photocatalysts, infrared photocatalysts and polar-photocatalysts.%光催化技术是解决能源短缺和环境污染问题的最有效解决途径之一,近期引起了世界各国科学家们的广泛关注.然而,目前光催化材料较低的转化效率,严重制约了光催化技术的进一步发展和实际应用.因此,设计和制备新型高效光催化材料具有重要意义.我们基于材料晶体结构设计,并结合材料微结构调控和制备技术,从拓展光催化材料的光吸收范围和提高光生载流子分离效率两个制约光催化效率的最主要问题入手,提出了一些新型高效光催化材料的设计理论和制备方法.主要围绕表面等离子体光催化材料、红外光催化材料、极性光催化材料等几种新型光催化材料,对材料设计理论、制备方法、结构与性能之间的关系及光催化微观机理几个方面进行了详细讨论.
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