硅橡胶泡沫复合材料的制备、性能与应用

摘要

Silicone rubber foam as a new type of polymer foam system not only maintains high and low temperature resistance,UV resistance,chemical stability and other characteristics of silicone rubber materials,but also possesses flexibility,lightweight,compressibility and good elasticity and other excellent features of foam materials.In recent years,introduction of functional fillers into silicone rubber foam to fabricate multi-functional silicone rubber foam composites has attracted considerable research interest.This review summarized recent progress of silicone rubber foam composites.First,we analyzed and compared various fabrication methods of silicone rubber foam and their advantages and disadvantages.Then,mechanical performance,electrical and thermal conductivity and flame retardant properties of the silicone rubber foam composites were discussed.Various applications of silicone rubber foam composites in oil-water separation,sensors,biomedicine,etc.were introduced.Finally,we outlooked the future design and development of high-performance silicone rubber foam composites as well as their future prospects.%硅橡胶泡沫材料作为一种新型的聚合物泡沫体系,保持了硅橡胶材料的耐高低温、抗紫外线、化学稳定性等特点的同时,也具备泡沫材料柔性轻质、压缩回弹性好等优异特性.将功能填料引入到硅橡胶泡沫体系中可以获得特定功能的硅橡胶泡沫复合材料,已成为近年来的研究热点.综述了近年来国内外硅橡胶泡沫复合材料的进展,主要回顾了硅橡胶泡沫材料的制备方法,并分析了各种制备方法的优缺点;总结了硅橡胶泡沫复合材料力学、热学、阻燃和导电性能的研究现状;在此基础上,介绍了功能型硅橡胶泡沫复合材料在油水分离、传感器、生物医药等领域的应用前景.最后,展望了硅橡胶泡沫复合材料的发展趋势.