北黄海表层沉积物中甲藻孢囊的分布特征

摘要

2009年和2010年采集北黄海15个站位的表层沉积物样品进行甲藻孢囊分析,共鉴定出甲藻孢囊28种(隶属13个属)和2种未定种,优势种为膝沟藻(Gonyaulax spp.)、塔马/链状亚历山大藻(Alexandriumcatenella/tamarense)和微小/相似亚历山大藻(Alexandrium minutum/affine).北黄海海域甲藻孢囊总丰度为545-3567cysts/g DW,平均丰度为1269cysts/g DW.甲藻孢囊丰度总体分布趋势为中部海域高,其它海域低.北黄海甲藻孢囊的分布规律与底质类型和水动力条件密切相关.两种产YTX(Yessotoxin)毒素甲藻[具刺膝沟藻(Gonyaulax spinifera)和多边舌甲藻(Lingulodinium polyedrurn)]的孢囊和3种产麻痹性贝类毒素(PSP)甲藻[塔马/链状业历山大藻、微小/相似亚历山大藻和链状裸甲藻(Gymnodinium catenatum)]的孢囊在北黄海海域有分布,并且亚历山大藻(Alexandrium spp.)的活孢囊在沉积物表层聚集且分布广泛,有爆发赤潮的可能.%Dinofiagellate cysts in the surface sediment collected in 2009 and 2010 were analyzed at 15 stations in the northern Yellow Sea. Twenty-eight dinofiagellate cyst taxa of thirty genera and two uncertain taxa were identified from samples. The dominant taxa were Gonyaulax spp. (Spiniferites spp.), Alexandrium catenella / tamarense and Alexandrium minutum / affine. The total cyst abundance ranged between 545 cysts/g DW and 3567 cysts/g DW, and the average was 1269 cysts/g DW. The total cyst abundance showed a decrease from the central sea area to the surrounding sea area. The distribution of dinofiagellate cysts in the northern Yellow Sea was correlated to the sediment grain size and hydrodynamics. The cysts of two toxic dinoflagellate species (Gonyaulax spinifera and Lingulodinium polyedrum), which produce Yessotoxin, and the cysts of three toxic dinofiagellate species (Alexandrium catenella/tamarense, Alexandrium minutum / affine and Gymnodinium catenatum), which produce paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP), were distributed in the northern Yellow Sea. The living cysts ofAlexandrium spp. were denser and more widely distributed in the northern Yellow Sea, It indicates the potential possibility of red fide occurrence in the northern Yellow Sea.